Essay on the topic: “The influence of nature on humans”

Impact of natural factors on people

The connection between human activity and natural cycles, as well as various phenomena, has always existed. Even if you are in a large metropolis, consisting of a continuous string of asphalt concrete pavements, among huge apartment buildings, far from forests, deep rivers and green fields, you can still feel the impact of nature and some of its cycles .

For example, the daily routine depends entirely on sunrises and sunsets; they control the body’s cycles. People are part of nature and largely depend on it and the environment. It was she, my dear, who gave people a lot of natural resources: clean air, food, water.

Connection with creativity

A consequence of this influence is the fact that the interaction of human activity and nature very often gives impetus to the creation of various works of art . Many authors compose musical works on this topic, writers and poets create the greatest creations, and artists often draw inspiration from these natural phenomena. The property of giving inspiration is relevant in relation to such interactions.

Imagining ancient people from primitive communities, you can think about their fear of the unknown - natural phenomena and various natural phenomena. But even then, motives of admiration for the power of the elements, beyond understanding at that time, could be traced.

According to some scientists, the first myths and religious movements appeared at a time when people tried to comprehend the various elements and describe the impact of external forces on their activities. Some options for perceiving the world formed the basis of mythological understanding, thanks to which a person could describe in words large-scale phenomena and circumstances that arose. The simplest example is thunder. It was imagined as the sound of the chariot of a heavenly deity. Thanks to this simple description, thunderstorm phenomena became more understandable.

Many classics offer fabulously beautiful descriptions in their works:

Turgenev;
Paustovsky;
Tyutchev;
Fet;
Prishvin;
Bianchi and others.

The work of modern authors continues the traditions that were once established. Many authors try to embrace this inextricable beauty with the possibilities of their own understanding. They present certain elements to us in a certain way.

Nature heals souls with bright positive emotions, the beauty of forests and flowering meadows, awakens joyful feelings, sows goodness and pushes us to new achievements.

Environment and human activity

The impact of the environment on human activity has changed at different times. In antiquity, philosophers perceived nature as a mobile and constantly changing whole. Then there was no opposition; people were, as it were, part of this single whole. The ideal was considered to be life in harmony with nature.

At the dawn of civilization, there was hunting and gathering, and people at that moment were completely dependent on the external environment. They survived only by appropriating finished products collected naturally:

fruit;
berries;
meat;
animal skins.

Nature determined all the features of the life of primitive Homo sapiens, namely the rate of increase in the number of community members, the nature of their occupations, as well as the need to roam from place to place. After the emergence of agriculture and cattle breeding, there was a transition from appropriation to production. People have learned to influence some natural phenomena.

Medieval Western Christian culture offers a different understanding of the issue. The human individual was considered the pinnacle of divine creation, having a soul. The surrounding world is several orders of magnitude lower than it. In some cases, nature was presented as the source of evil and must be subdued. The Renaissance brought new trends. Beauty appears before the audience. It was during this period that many magnificent works of art appeared that glorified the world around us and its beauty.

The influence of nature on the human soul.

E. Zamyatin “We”

Turning to classical literature, I would like to cite as an example E. Zamyatin’s dystopian novel “We.” Refusing the natural beginning, the inhabitants of the United State become numbers, whose lives are determined by the framework of the Tablet of Hours. The beauty of native nature is replaced by perfectly proportional glass structures, and love is only possible with a pink card. The main character, D-503, is doomed to mathematically verified happiness, which is found, however, after the removal of fantasy. It seems to me that with such an allegory Zamyatin was trying to express the inextricability of the connection between nature and man.

S. Yesenin “Go away, my dear Rus'” One of the central themes of the lyrics of the brightest poet of the 20th century S. Yesenin is the nature of his native land. In the poem “Go you, Rus', my dear,” the poet abandons paradise for the sake of his homeland, its flock is higher than eternal bliss, which, judging by other lyrics, he finds only on Russian soil. Thus, feelings of patriotism and love for nature are closely intertwined. The very awareness of their gradual weakening is the first step towards a natural, real peace that enriches the soul and body.

“The problem of confrontation between man and nature, human destruction of the surrounding natural world, environmental problems

F.I. Tyutchev's poems: “Sphinx Nature”, “There is melodiousness in the sea waves...”, “From the life that raged here...”. Man is mortal, but nature is eternal. This is an element indifferent to human needs, destinies, and affairs. She is uncontrollable, unknowable, in sleeping storms - “chaos is stirring.” This is the essence of the eternal conflict between man and nature. Man, according to F.I. Tyutchev, is just a “thinking reed”.

I.S. Turgenev's story “Trip to Polesie”, prose poem “Nature”. Man is mortal, but nature is eternal. Man is a child of nature, like any other creature. But nature knows neither good nor evil, reason is not its law. She does not know art, freedom, does not tolerate anything immortal. She easily gives life and easily takes it away from living beings. She has nothing to do with the fate of humanity. This is the essence of the conflict.

ON THE. Zabolotsky poems: “I am not looking for harmony in nature...”, “Yesterday, thinking about death...”, “Metamorphoses” Man is mortal, but nature is eternal. There is no harmony, no rationality in the natural world. Man is just a thought of nature, “her unsteady mind.” Human consciousness is unable to connect “death and being.” Human life is transient, but a person can leave himself in this world, appearing there again with the “breath of flowers”, the branches of a large oak tree.

V.P. Astafyev's narration in the stories "Tsar Fish". The main theme is the interaction between man and nature. The writer tells how white and red fish are exterminated on the Yenisei, animals and birds are destroyed. The climax is the dramatic story that happened one day on the river with the poacher Zinovy Utrobin. While checking the traps, he fell out of the boat and became entangled in his own nets. In this extreme situation, on the verge of life and death, he remembers his earthly sins, remembers how he once offended his fellow villager Glashka, sincerely repents of what he has done, begs for mercy, mentally turning to Glashka, and to the king fish, and to the whole wide world. And all this gives him “some kind of liberation not yet comprehended by the mind.” Ignatyich manages to escape. Nature itself taught him a lesson here. Thus, V. Astafiev returns our consciousness to Goethe’s thesis: “Nature is always right.”

C.T. Ay. In the novel, the writer talks about the destruction of living nature by man. Three times a wolf family loses its cubs. And Akbar’s she-wolf begins to take revenge on the man and takes his cub. The solution to this situation is several deaths: the she-wolf herself, a small child, Boston’s son, and also Bazarbai, who kidnapped the wolf cubs, die. Akbar's she-wolf embodies in the work Mother Nature, who rebels against the man who destroys her. B.L. Vasiliev's story "Don't shoot white swans." The hero of this story, forester Yegor Polushkin, and his son Kolka are contrasted with poachers, people who soullessly destroy nature.”

Loss of spiritual values.

The events of Boris Vasiliev’s story “Glukhoman” allow us to see how in today’s life the so-called “new Russians” strive to enrich themselves at any cost. Spiritual values have been lost because culture has disappeared from our lives. Society was split, and the bank account became the measure of a person’s merit. Moral wilderness began to grow in the souls of people who had lost faith in goodness and justice.

Meanness and dishonesty.

Shvabrin Alexey Ivanovich, hero of the story by A.S. Pushkina! The Captain’s Daughter,” is a nobleman, but he is dishonest: having wooed Masha Mironova and received a refusal, he takes revenge by speaking ill of her; During a duel with Grinev, he stabs him in the back. The complete loss of ideas about honor also predetermines social betrayal: as soon as the Belogorsk fortress falls to Pugachev, Shvabrin goes over to the side of the rebels.

Ecology.

Our fellow countryman, writer Vasily Ivanovich Yurovskikh, in his stories talks about the unique beauty and wealth of the Trans-Urals, about the natural connection of a village person with the natural world, which is why his story “Ivan’s Memory” is so touching.

In this short work, Yurovskikh raises an important issue: the human impact on the environment.

Ivan, the main character of the story, planted several willow bushes in a swamp that scared people and animals.

Many years later. The nature around has changed: all sorts of birds began to settle in the bushes, a magpie began to build a nest every year and hatch magpies. No one wandered through the forest anymore, because the trail became a guide on how to find the right way. Near the bush you can hide from the heat, drink some water, and just relax.

Ivan left a good memory of himself among people, and ennobled the surrounding nature.

Motherhood as a feat.

Bukhara, the heroine of L. Ulitskaya’s story “Bukhara’s Daughter,” accomplished a maternal feat, devoting herself entirely to raising her daughter Mila, who had Down syndrome. Even being terminally ill, the mother thought through her daughter’s entire future life: she got her a job, found her a new family, a husband, and only after that allowed herself to die.

Maria, the heroine of Zakrutkin’s story “Mother of Man,” during the war, having lost her son and husband, took responsibility for her newly born child and for other people’s children, saved them, and became their Mother. And when the first Soviet soldiers entered the burnt farm, it seemed to Maria that she had given birth not only to her son, but to all the war-dispossessed children of the world. That's why she is the Mother of Man.

The influence of parents on children.

In the story “The Captain's Daughter,” his father’s instructions helped Pyotr Grinev, even in the most critical moments, to remain an honest person, true to himself and duty. Therefore, the hero evokes respect by his behavior.

Following his father’s behest to “save a penny,” Chichikov devoted his entire life to hoarding, turning into a man without shame and conscience. Since his school years, he valued only money, so in his life he never had true friends, the family that the hero dreamed of.

About the Russian language.

K.I. Chukovsky, in his book “Alive as Life,” analyzes the state of the Russian language, our speech, and comes to disappointing conclusions: we ourselves are distorting and mutilating our great and powerful language.

Man and cognition

1) Ancient historians say that one day a stranger came to the Roman emperor and brought him a gift of metal as shiny as silver, but extremely soft. The master said that he extracts this metal from clayey soil. The emperor, fearing that the new metal would devalue his treasures, ordered the inventor's head to be cut off.

2) Archimedes, knowing that people were suffering from drought and hunger, proposed new ways to irrigate lands. Thanks to his discovery, crop yields increased sharply and people stopped being afraid of hunger.

3) The outstanding scientist Fleming discovered penicillin. This drug has saved the lives of millions of people who previously died from blood poisoning.

4) One English engineer in the mid-19th century proposed an improved cartridge. But officials from the military department arrogantly told him: “We are already strong, only the weak need to improve weapons.”

5) The famous scientist Jenner, who defeated smallpox with the help of vaccinations, was prompted by the words of an ordinary peasant woman to come up with a brilliant idea. The doctor told her that she had smallpox. To this the woman calmly replied: “It can’t be, because I already had cowpox.” The doctor did not consider these words to be the result of dark ignorance, but began to make observations that led to a brilliant discovery.

6) The early Middle Ages are usually called the “dark ages”. The raids of barbarians and the destruction of ancient civilization led to a deep decline in culture. It was difficult to find a literate person not only among common people, but also among people of the upper class. For example, the founder of the Frankish state, Charlemagne, did not know how to write. However, the thirst for knowledge is inherently human. The same Charlemagne, during his campaigns, always carried with him wax tablets for writing, on which, under the guidance of teachers, he painstakingly wrote letters.

7) For thousands of years, ripe apples fell from trees, but no one attached any significance to this common phenomenon. The great Newton had to be born in order to look at a familiar fact with new, more insightful eyes and discover the universal law of motion.

It is impossible to calculate how many disasters their ignorance has brought to people. In the Middle Ages, any misfortune: the illness of a child, the death of livestock, rain, drought, poor harvest, the loss of any thing - everything was explained by the machinations of evil spirits. A brutal witch hunt began and fires started burning. Instead of curing diseases, improving agriculture, and helping each other, people spent enormous energy on a meaningless fight against the mythical “servants of Satan,” not realizing that with their blind fanaticism, their dark ignorance they were serving the Devil.

9) It is difficult to overestimate the role of a mentor in the development of a person. An interesting legend is about the meeting of Socrates with Xenophon, the future historian. Once, having talked with an unfamiliar young man, Socrates asked him where to go for flour and butter. Young Xenophon answered smartly: “To the market.” Socrates asked: “What about wisdom and virtue?” The young man was surprised. “Follow me, I’ll show you!” - Socrates promised. And the long-term path to the truth connected the famous teacher and his student with strong friendship.

10) The desire to learn new things lives in each of us, and sometimes this feeling takes over a person so much that it forces him to change his life path. Today, few people know that Joule, who discovered the law of conservation of energy, was a cook. The brilliant Faraday began his career as a peddler in a shop. And Coulon worked as an engineer on fortifications and devoted only his free time to physics. For these people, the search for something new has become the meaning of life.

11) New ideas make their way through a difficult struggle with old views and established opinions. Thus, one of the professors, lecturing students on physics, called Einstein’s theory of relativity “an annoying scientific misunderstanding” -

12) At one time, Joule used a voltaic battery to start an electric motor he had assembled from it. But the battery charge soon ran out, and a new one was very expensive. Joule decided that the horse would never be replaced by the electric motor, since it was much cheaper to feed a horse than to change the zinc in a battery. Today, when electricity is used everywhere, the opinion of an outstanding scientist seems naive to us. This example shows that it is very difficult to predict the future, it is difficult to survey the opportunities that will open up for a person.

13) In the mid-17th century, from Paris to the island of Martinique, Captain de Clieu carried a coffee stalk in a pot with soil. The voyage was very difficult: the ship survived a fierce battle with pirates, a terrible storm almost broke it against the rocks. At the trial, the masts were not broken, the rigging was broken. Fresh water supplies gradually began to dry up. It was given out in strictly measured portions. The captain, barely able to stand on his feet from thirst, gave the last drops of precious moisture to the green sprout... Several years passed, and coffee trees covered the island of Martinique.

This story allegorically reflects the difficult path of any scientific truth. A person carefully cherishes in his soul the sprout of an as yet unknown discovery, waters it with the moisture of hope and inspiration, shelters it from everyday storms and storms of despair... And here it is - the saving shore of final insight. The ripened tree of truth will give seeds, and entire plantations of theories, monographs, scientific laboratories, and technical innovations will cover the continents of knowledge.

The role of books

An excellent example of the influence of the book on the human worldview is given by A. Green in the story “The Green Lamp,” which tells the story of the amazing fate of the tramp Yves, who became a famous doctor and wealthy man. And all this thanks to the books that Yves read, read and read...

Not long ago, on the Internet, on the “Library of Russia” website, I came across a list of books that, as its compiler assured, were capable of changing the human worldview. It is gratifying that the list included the novels of L. Tolstoy. The article was extremely popular among site visitors, who, I am sure, are convinced that the influence of a book is the most beneficial influence on a person’s character.

The words of the Uzbek writer A. Navoi help me draw a conclusion: “A book is a teacher without payment or gratitude. Every moment she gives you revelations of wisdom.”

………………

I completely share the point of view of V.B. Shklovsky. Indeed, we are obliged not only to take care of books, but also to learn to live by them. Classics and publicists have written about this more than once.

The main character of M. Gorky’s autobiographical story, Alyosha Peshkov, refers to the book as a source of life experience, calling them his “universities.” The books taught the future writer mercy and justice, courage and bravery.

Andrei Petrovich, the hero of Mike Gayprin’s fantastic story “The Candle Was Burning,” also treats the book like life. He teaches this to his grateful student Max, a children’s teacher, who passed on the knowledge gained in the lessons of a forgotten philologist to his students, thereby instilling in them a desire to read and learn about life.

Thus, I can conclude that we should treat the book with care and reverence.

…………………….

I remember the work of Boris Polevoy “The Tale of a Real Man”. How many people did this courageous book help not only to survive, but to fly into the sky again, gave the strength to the legless to walk, to the armless to comprehend mastery!

Vladimir Vysotsky has wonderful poems:

If, cutting a path with your father’s sword, You wound salty tears on your mustache, If in a hot battle you experienced what it costs, It means that you read the right books in childhood...

How accurately, succinctly and emotionally the great bard defined the role of books in the formation of young people!

On the Internet, on the “Book that Changed Life” forum, the story of one girl is described who was sick and did not get better only because she had no desire to live, no goals, no friends... After reading Jack London’s story “Love of Life”, the girl will write in her diary: “Since then I’ve read a lot of books, but I’m sure: Jack London changed my life.”

About music

I read an article online that compared music to an eternal medicine that dates back three thousand years. Archaeologists have established that Neanderthals already created simple flutes. In ancient times, there were many teachings that music could heal. And so it is. The TV show “Health” recently talked about music therapy, a science that deals with the physical effects of music on a person.

Music can not only heal, but also raise soldiers to battle. V.P. Astafiev, in one of his stories, told how he, a participant in the Great Patriotic War, in a Polish city destroyed by the Nazis, having heard the sounds of an organ, wanted to do something special, to somehow help people so that peace would reign on earth. At that moment he vowed to fight the Nazis fiercely. Here it is, the wonderful power of music, addressing which the poet A. Kozlovsky wrote:

Thank you, music, for the bright forests... They sound like orchestras in the fall, We still don’t believe in miracles, And you create them easily and honestly.

About art

So, G.I. Uspensky has a wonderful story “Straightened Up”. It talks about how the remarkable sculpture of the Venus de Milo, which was exhibited in the Louvre, had on the narrator. The hero, previously indifferent to the world of art, was amazed by the moral strength that emanated from the ancient statue. “The stone riddle,” as the author calls it, made the narrator better: he felt the happiness of being human.

I. Dolgopolov talks about the amazing impact on the viewer of Raphael’s painting “The Sistine Madonna” in one of his essays. Looking at the picture, the person seemed to enter into an intimate dialogue with Madonna, amazed at the courage of a woman who knows that she, a mother, must inevitably give her son to people, give him to death. The artist’s magical skill, according to the author, made the audience feel shame and guilt for the atrocity committed by other people many centuries ago.

………….

It is quite simple to determine the author’s position: true art should educate a person, enrich his inner world, and not drag him into a “pleasant twilight.”

I completely share the point of view of I. Gontsov. Indeed, real art should not be aimless drawing in front of the public, but creativity that awakens bright thoughts and wonderful feelings in people. Russian poets and writers have discussed this more than once.

For example, the same position was held by A. S. Pushkin, who reflected on the true purpose of art in the poem “I erected a monument to myself, not made by hands...” The poet considered his work incorruptible, because with the “lyre” he “awakened good feelings... glorified freedom "and called for mercy for the fallen. And, indeed, the lyrics of A. S. Pushkin can be called Art with a capital letter: after all, it enriches the inner world of readers for centuries. This is how real creativity should be!

With great interest I read Yuri Korotkov’s story “Gray-haired,” which raises important life issues of conscience and mercy, nobility and dignity. I was especially fascinated by the actions of the character Alexander Zavyalov, who more than once stood up for his comrades, saving a friend at the cost of his own life. This work taught me and, undoubtedly, many other readers about kindness and honesty, awakened “good feelings” in me, so I can confidently call the work of Yuri Korotkov true art.

Thus, art should sow, in the words of the great poet, “life-giving seeds” in the hearts of people, teach them kindness and mercy.

About inspiration

I completely agree with the author's point of view. Indeed, an inspired person experiences elation, he works “with all his might.” Classics and publicists have written about this more than once.

I remember A.S. Pushkin’s poem “Autumn,” which very vividly describes the moments of inspiration that came to the poet:

And the thoughts in my head are agitated in courage,

And light rhymes run towards them,

And fingers ask for pen, pen for paper,

A minute - and the poems will flow freely.

The author experiences a state of freshness and completeness of thought. He believes that inspiration is not only a gift from the gods, but also a property of the soul. And it can only be experienced by working.

The famous literary critic V.G. Belinsky said: “Inspiration... is everywhere, in every business, in every work.” He emphasized that it is not the exclusive property of a poet or artist; without it, both scientists and artisans could do little. He who works experiences inspiration, which is born only during work!

Thus, inspiration comes to a person not when he sits in incomprehensible admiration, directing his eyes to the sky, but when he works by the sweat of his brow.

About television

Ok, Yuri Korotkov’s story “Headache” tells about Katyusha Belova’s mother, who spends all her free time “watching crap about how the rich cry too”... The heroine doesn’t care about her husband, son, daughter... The main thing is, every evening, spitting seeds, sit on the sofa and plunge into the world of dreams... However, Katya is annoyed by her mother’s passion: the girl does not want to “stare into the box” all evening. And this makes me happy. On the Internet I found the results of a sociological survey on the question of which television programs young people prefer: intellectual or entertaining. About 40% of respondents answered in favor of intellectuals, and this is gratifying!

I found confirmation of my observations in the report of the World Health Organization. It provides data indicating that television has a significant impact on the rise in violence. American scientists have concluded that scenes of violence on television evoke strong aggressive impulses in viewers. Proof of this is the murder of 16 people by a 19-year-old German high school student - these are the consequences of the violent scenes that he constantly watched on television. And there are many such examples lately!

I recently took part in a volunteer event under the motto “For a healthy lifestyle.” We not only held conversations and showed films where drunkenness and drug addiction were condemned, but also conducted surveys among young people. When analyzing the questionnaires, a striking conclusion was made: young people prone to crime, among the many ways to spend their leisure time, indicated only watching television programs. Isn’t this proof that the “debilitation of the population” is also due to the fault of television?

…….

I share the author's point of view. Indeed, modern television series sometimes show such absurdity that not every person is able to perceive. This has been written about more than once on the Internet.

So, on the website of the RT news channel, I read an article about a teenager who, after watching his favorite television series “Nasty Son,” stole his father’s car and hit a man at an intersection. This is the harmful influence of television!

In the story by Yu.M. Korotkov’s “Headache” is about the mother of the book’s main character, who devotes every free minute to watching television series. But her daughter, a graduate of one of the Moscow schools, does not want to watch the “crap” that the rich also cry and cry with them. Agree, the girl showed a competent position!

About poetry

The author’s position is not difficult to determine: “the goal of poetry is not “techniques,” but knowledge of the world and communication between people, self-knowledge, self-construction of the human personality in the process of cognition...”.

I share the point of view of Y. Lotman: indeed, the goal of poetry is, first of all, understanding the world. Prominent Russian poets and critics have not written about this.

Thus, Sergei Yesenin considered the main thing in his work to be the opportunity to show the magical power of nature over man. Reading his “Radunitsa” and the pages of other books, I learn how captivating the change of seasons is, how beautiful the fields and forests are, through which, changing and mixing colors, a “swaying golden field” seems to pass. I clearly imagine a yearning poplar and hear how “an oriole is crying somewhere...”.

But the modern poet Andrei Dementyev in his work raises issues of communication between people and self-knowledge. I really like the instructive lines from his poem:

Oh, how sometimes nature is rash:

Then he will reward the scoundrel with talent,

That beauty will be shared trustingly

With that

Who do you feel ashamed of?

Thus, I can conclude that the main purpose of poetry is to understand the world.

About talent

I completely share the point of view of M.M. Prishvin: real talent is something that is inherent in a person by nature and comes from the soul, bringing joy to other people. N.A. Nekrasov, F.M. Dostoevsky, M. Gorky... How many great writers we know who began their creative journey without a penny in their pocket! They were driven only by the desire to create, giving their talent to people.

The story of N.S. sounds like a hymn to the talent of the Russian people, personified in the image of a Tula master who even managed to shoe a flea. Leskov, whose hero, Lefty, truly “glorified” his work, but “was not famous himself.”

Let us remember M. Gorky’s cycle “Across Rus'”. From the pages of the stories we see humble workers, simple people whose activities brighten life on earth, people about whom people say: “Talent!”

Thus, I can conclude that truly talented people never aspired to fame, yet remained in history for centuries, because their work was “a calling, and not just a way of earning money,” and they did it “in their skill.” more than was necessary for one’s own self-interest.” This, in my opinion, is the essence of talent.

beauty of nature

Vyacheslav Degtev has a wonderful story “Dandelion. It is about the role of a teacher, a mentor in the life of cadet pilots. The squadron commander, after flying with an excellent student who was afraid to fly and had just opened the sky to him by jumping from the wing of the plane, suddenly saw a small yellow dandelion between the concrete slabs. The officer bent down, straightened the leaves of the flower and was amazed: “How did you survive? How come they didn’t trample you, you fool?” Something unusually tender flowed in the soul of the ace pilot, the god of air machines. And all this because he has not yet forgotten how to be surprised by beauty.

A feeling of wonder at all living things lived in the soul of the world’s first cosmonaut, Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin. He, who knew what cosmic speed is, who saw the Earth from orbit, who was convinced how small it is compared to the infinite space, appreciated and was amazed at the beauty of every tree and every flower on earth.

Thus, the hero of B. Ekimov’s work “The Night Passes” Shalyakin, a lonely elderly man, badly battered by fate, felt good only on the shore of the lake, in his hut, where he was surrounded only by the beauty of nature and tranquility.

And Vladimir Krupin’s story “Drop the Bag”! It talks about a girl who, in the difficult post-war years, worked with her father as a loader. One day after the rain, the father saw an unusually beautiful rainbow, but his daughter did not understand his enthusiastic words. And then the father forced his daughter to throw the bag off her shoulders and straighten up. An unusually beautiful sight appeared to the girl’s eyes: in the sky, like a horse, harnessed to a rainbow. “Rainbow all over the sky. And above the rainbow, as if under an arc, the sun..." The beauty of nature seemed to revive the girl: "I looked - as if I had washed myself, it became easier to breathe... Here it is, the influence of the beauty of nature on a person!

I. S. Turgenev, “Fathers and Sons”

People forget that nature is their native and only home, which requires careful treatment, which is confirmed in the novel by I. S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons.” The main character, Evgeny Bazarov, is known for his categorical position: “Nature is not a temple, but a workshop, and man is a worker in it.” This is exactly how the Author sees a “new” person in him: he is indifferent to the values accumulated by previous generations, lives in the present and uses everything he needs, without thinking about what consequences this may lead to. I. Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons” raises the current topic of the relationship between nature and man. Bazarov, rejecting any aesthetic pleasure in nature, perceives it as a workshop, and man as a worker. Arkady, Bazarov's friend, on the contrary, treats her with all the admiration inherent in a young soul. In the novel, each hero is tested by nature. For Arkady, communication with the outside world helps to heal mental wounds; for him this unity is natural and pleasant. Bazarov, on the contrary, does not seek contact with her - when Bazarov was feeling bad, he “went into the forest and broke branches.” She does not give him the desired peace of mind or peace of mind. Thus, Turgenev emphasizes the need for a fruitful and two-way dialogue with nature.

M.Yu. Lermontov "Hero of Our Time"

The close emotional connection between man and nature can be traced in Lermontov’s story “A Hero of Our Time.” The events in the life of the main character, Grigory Pechorin, are accompanied by changes in the state of nature in accordance with changes in his mood. Thus, considering the duel scene, the gradation of the states of the surrounding world and Pechorin’s feelings is obvious. If before the duel the sky seemed to him “fresh and blue” and the sun “brightly shining,” then after the duel, looking at Grushnitsky’s corpse, the heavenly body seemed “dim” to Grigory, and its rays “did not warm.” Nature is not only the experiences of the heroes, but is also one of the characters. The thunderstorm becomes the reason for a long meeting between Pechorin and Vera, and in one of the diary entries preceding the meeting with Princess Mary, Gregory Fr. With such an allegory, Lermontov not only more deeply and fully reflects the internal state of the heroes, but also denotes his own, the author’s presence by introducing nature as a character.

E. Zamyatin “We”

“The problem of confrontation between man and nature, human destruction of the surrounding natural world, environmental problems

Recommended pages:

Man and nature in the essays of the Unified State Examination

In life there are two types of connection between human activity and natural factors : physical contact and spiritual dependence. The results of these relationships take place in literature, painting, and everyday life.

Everything that happens to people since their appearance is associated with certain laws. The world around them provides them with everything they need - comfortable living, food, and brings happiness.

And people sometimes don’t even think about what generous gifts are in store for them and where they come from. But as soon as the demands become very large, negative factors appear that affect the environment. The world, unable to resist the barbaric actions of intelligent beings, ceases to have a beneficial effect on her, and negative consequences arise.

Polluted ecology is the main obstacle, which over time has a detrimental effect on human health and changes the quality of life. Sometimes the elements try to remind people that clean air and healing water are not eternal , and the life of all living things on the planet depends on their condition.

The conclusions about the role of nature in human life are very important. Unified State Exam essays address similar issues. Writing an essay is a kind of stage

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