In Leo Tolstoy's work "Prisoner of the Caucasus" we are talking about the fate of two officers. This is where all the similarities lie, because in life Zhilin and Kostylin are complete opposites. The heroes' paths in life are different, because Zhilin is courageous and at the same time good-natured, and Kostylin is a weak-willed coward.
The events in the story develop quite simply. Both heroes are captured by the Tatars. And during the capture, the character traits of each of them already appear. Kostylin here shows cowardice for the first time when he does not cover his comrade, having a pistol.
Already in captivity, when the highlanders force both to write a letter to their relatives asking for a ransom for them, Zhilin’s nobility is revealed. He feels sorry for his mother. Realizing that she has nowhere to get three thousand coins, he not only lowers the price to five hundred, but also addresses the envelope incorrectly. The brave officer hopes only to escape.
But Kostylin immediately writes to his relatives asking them to give him a ransom of five thousand rubles, and waits for him to be released.
In addition, Zhilin, when he becomes a prisoner, does not expect a miracle, but wins the respect of those around him by making toys and repairing some things. Many people, seeing him as a wise man, often seek advice, and the Tatar daughter Dina secretly brings him something to eat. Lazy Kostylin simply does nothing at this time.
The author emphasizes the contrast of characters during the first escape. It was not easy to run in the stocks, but Zhilin endures the pain and tries not to lose heart. Kostylin immediately shows weakness. Having rubbed his legs, he cannot stand the pain, groans and thinks about returning. Zhilin tries to drag him on himself for some time, and Kostylin looks very pathetic in this episode.
After all, because of him they were unable to escape.
After returning to captivity, Zilina is haunted by the thought of escape. Dina helps the officer implement it. It is not easy for him to follow this path of a fugitive, but, once free, he also takes care of Kostylin. His comrades are collecting money to ransom him. Tolstoy already indicated in the selection of surnames that these people are completely different. Zhilin is agile, Kostylin is very difficult to climb.
Source: https://5klassnik.ru/po-avtoram/tolstoy/106-sochinenie-na-temu-zhilin-i-kostylin-raznye-sudby.html
Mail.ru answers: essay on the topic of Zhilin and Kostylin, different destinies, grade 5
Zhilin and Kostylin are the heroes of the story “Prisoner of the Caucasus” by L. N. Tolstoy. They are both Russian officers. They are participating in the war for the annexation of the Caucasus to Russia. Zhilin received a letter from his mother, who asks him to come to her before her death and say goodbye. The loving son set off on the road almost without thinking. However, it was impossible to go alone.
The Tatars could have caught and killed them. We drove in a group, but very slowly. Zhilin and Kostylin decided to go forward alone. Zhilin was careful and prudent. Having made sure that Kostylin had a loaded gun and a saber in his scabbard, he decided to climb the mountain and see if the Tatars were coming.
As soon as he rode his horse to the top, he saw those whom he did not want to see. The Tatars stood very close to him and noticed the officer. Zhilin was brave and, thinking that if he reached the gun (Kostylin had it), they would be saved, he shouted to Kostylin. But the cowardly officer feared for his life and ran away. having committed a vile act.
Both officers were captured, where they met. The chief of the Tatars said that a ransom had to be paid in order to be released. (5000 rubles). Kostylin immediately wrote a letter home asking for the money to be sent. And Zhilin said. that if they killed him they would get nothing at all, he told him to wait. He sent the letter to a different address.
He felt sorry for his seriously ill mother, but he didn’t have that kind of money. Zhilin had no other relatives. He thought. that he can escape. While in captivity, Zhilin dug a tunnel at night and made dolls for the girl Dina during the day. In return, the girl brought him cakes and milk. Lazy Kostylin did nothing all day and slept at night.
And then the day came.
when everything was ready to escape. They fled with Kostylin. They ground their feet on the stones and had to carry the weak Kostylin. That's why they were caught. They were put in a large hole, but Dina brought a stick and helped Zhilin escape. This time Kostylin was afraid to run. Zhilin managed to reach his own people.
Kostylin was bought back only a month later for 5,000 rubles. As a result, in Tolstoy’s story “Prisoner of the Caucasus,” Zhilin shows courage and bravery, and Kostylin shows laziness, cowardice and weakness.
L. N. Tolstoy wrote the story “Prisoner of the Caucasus” in 1872. In this story he describes the fates of Zhilin and Kostylin. The fates of the heroes of the story turned out differently, because Zhilin is brave, kind, hardworking, and Kostylin is cowardly, weak, and lazy. Zhilin thinks about his mother, feels sorry for her, does not want her to pay a ransom for him.
Zhilin was forced to write a letter home asking to be ransomed for 3,000 rubles; he asked to be ransomed for 500 rubles, but he even wrote a different address. Hoping to escape. Kostylin immediately wrote to be ransomed for 5,000 rubles and kept waiting for the ransom to be sent. In captivity, Zhilin made toys, repaired things, and was respected by the Tatars.
Kostylin was idle and waited for the ransom. During the first escape, Zhilin did not lose heart, he endured pain in the stocks and fatigue. Kostylin lost heart, could not stand the pain, groaned and decided to return. Zhilin really wanted to be released, he was waiting for an opportunity to free himself. During his second escape, he tried his best to get out and escaped.
Kostylin did not run; he did not rely on himself to endure the pain in his legs enclosed in stocks. According to L.N. Tolstoy: “Man himself determines his destiny.” For example, Zhilin did not want to live in captivity, he wanted to be free and that’s why he escaped. Kostylin is a weak man, he was waiting for him to be ransomed and therefore remained in captivity. L.N.
It was not by chance that Tolstoy came up with such surnames for his main characters. Zhilin - because he managed to settle into a life that was alien to him. Kostylin seems to be on crutches, weak and incapable of difficult trials. The author wanted Kostylin to arouse not contempt in readers, but pity and sympathy. L.N.
Tolstoy shows that people are different and may not even love each other. But they have the possibility of mutual understanding, and for this they need to make efforts.
They wrote very well, but the first one has a couple of mistakes but nothing terrible, and the second one is not very specific but is also good. Thank you for writing your essays, I read them and took the information I needed. Thanks a lot!!!
Dasha did a great job!!!
complete cacaphony from GDZ but correct
User “Dashenka” wrote a regular retelling, but user “Fanis Basyrov” wrote something more like an essay.
Zhilin and Kostylin In the story “Prisoner of the Caucasus,” L. N. Tolstoy contrasts two heroes - officers of the Russian army, Zhilin and Kostylin, who served in the Caucasus and were captured by the highlanders (who are called Tatars in the story).
Starting to read the story, we do not yet know the characters of the main characters, but only recognize their last names, but we immediately get the feeling that the author likes Zhilin more than Kostylin. Zhilin is apparently a “wiry” man, strong, with a strong character, while Kostylin’s character is most likely “lame”.
We assume that Kostylin is a dependent, indecisive person, in need of outside help. Subsequent events confirm this. Two officers were captured due to the fault of Kostylin, who was supposed to cover Zhilin, but instead got scared and ran away. Zhilin did not hold a grudge against his colleague, scold or curse him.
Summary of the story “Prisoner of the Caucasus”
Summary of the story by L.N. Tolstoy's "Prisoner of the Caucasus" chapter by chapter
Chapter 1.
Officer Ivan Zhilin serving in the Caucasus receives a letter from home. He asks for leave to visit his sick old mother and meet his fiancée.
Due to hostilities, Zhilin has to travel along with the convoy and the soldier convoy; at some point, he and his colleague Kostylin decide to go forward alone.
When Zhilin climbs to a hill for reconnaissance, he is noticed by a Tatar detachment.
Kostylin abandons Zhilin, leaving back to the fortress, taking with him his only weapon. Ivan ends up in the hands of the Tatars: they beat him, tie him up, take away his valuables, take him to a Tatar village, where they lock him in a barn, with a block on his foot. The hero fails to remember the road, as his face is broken and his consciousness becomes clouded.
Chapter 2.
In the morning, Zhilin began to observe the life of the mountain village through a crack in the wall.
One of the rich Tatars came to value the prisoner as a commodity; he was glad that the Russian soldier had been caught. The Tatar tells his daughter Dina to bring water and feed the prisoner.
Later, the officer is brought to a rich Tatar house, where the new “owner” demands to write a letter home and ask for a ransom of 3 thousand rubles. Zhilin refuses and offers his price - 500 rubles.
After a long argument, the Tatar gives in, but Zhilin writes the letter so that it does not reach him, intending to escape.
It turns out that Kostylin was also caught, and a ransom of 5 thousand is expected from him. Zhilin demands that they be fed, clothed and housed together.
Chapter 3.
Ivan and his comrade have been living in captivity for more than a month, only Kostylin is sleeping and sad, and Zhilin has begun to settle down: he makes dolls, wickerwork, and repairs various objects - watches, latches, pistols.
Dina took one of the dolls for herself, but the Tatar grandmother broke it. Ivan made another doll, better. Dina began to bring him good food and milk in gratitude.
The officer noticed that the old Tatar grandfather was reacting strangely to him. It turned out that he fought with the Russians, because of them he lost most of his family. The old man advises the owner of Zhilin, Abdul, to kill the Russians, and not feed them and let them roam throughout the village.
But Abdul does not want to kill Ivan, he has become attached, and he is waiting for a ransom.
Chapter 4.
Another month in captivity among the Tatars. Every day Ivan did needlework, and at night he dug a tunnel to escape.
When Zhilin was looked after by the youngest son of a Tatar, he climbed a high hill to explore the area. I found out which way the fortress was.
It was not possible to escape that night - the Tatars returned to the village with a comrade who had died at the hands of the Russians. Zhilin observed how the Tatar people go through memorial rituals: first farewell, funeral, then a three-day wake. All this time it was dangerous to run.
On the fourth night, Ivan made up his mind and invited Kostylin with him, who reluctantly agreed.
Chapter 5.
Ivan and Kostylin came out through the tunnel with great difficulty; they had to wait a long time until everything calmed down.
More than once the fugitives encounter danger: either a dog barked, but then recognized Zhilin, who had fed it, or met a Tatar in the forest driving cattle, or was frightened by a wild deer.
Kostylin walked very slowly: he is a big, heavy and weak man, and he also injured his legs. Zhilin picked him up and carried him, not wanting to leave his comrade. But Kostylin screamed and attracted the attention of the Tatar sentinel. The fugitives were detained and returned to the village.
Abdul was stern, ordered both to write letters again demanding ransom, and in the meantime he put Ivan and his friend in a hole.
Under the influence of an old Tatar man, Abdul decides: if the ransom does not come in 2 weeks, he will kill the Russian soldiers.
Chapter 6.
Zhilin and Kostylin are sitting in a pit in very poor conditions. One day Ivan hears an argument between the Tatars and realizes that they want to kill them. This is confirmed by Dina, who secretly brought food to Ivan. The soldier turns to the girl asking for help.
At night, Dina brings a long pole and lowers it into the pit. Zhilin calls a friend with him, but he is very ill and refuses to run.
Ivan got out, and Dina finally tried to help him remove the block and gave him food. Ivan thanked the girl, promising not to forget her.
With difficulty, Ivan makes his way in stocks through the forest and mountain paths.
When he almost reached the Russian fortress, he was noticed by a detachment of Tatars. But then their own people rush to the rescue - fifteen Cossacks cut Ivan off from his pursuers, help him remove the stocks, feed him, clothe him, and give him something to drink.
Kostylin is brought in a month later, barely alive.
Zhilin remains to serve in the Caucasus.
Essay on the topic “Zhilin and Kostylin: different destinies”
In the story “Prisoner of the Caucasus,” which serves partly as an autobiography of Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy, there are two main characters. These are colleagues: Zhilin and Kostylin. Lev Nikolaevich himself became the prototype of Zhilin, and Kostylin’s hero was invented by him as a contrast to Zhilin.
Zhilin is described by Tolstoy as a strong-willed character, with a strong spirit, and not wanting to lay down his head before the trials that befall him. His colleague, on the contrary, is a cowardly and lazy person, patiently awaiting the verdict of fate, and not wanting to decide it himself.
The attentive reader will immediately notice that, despite the presence of two main characters, the story is called “Prisoner of the Caucasus.” I think: why? The fact is that Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy, as a writer who knows how to convey the mood and essence of a story in a few words, called the work that way because he did not consider Kostylin a person worthy of being mentioned in history.
After being captured, Kostylin immediately, unconditionally, agrees to write a letter to his relatives. This means that he does not have his own goals, but hopes for his relatives and that they will ransom him.
Zhilin, realizing that his mother will not collect enough money, indicates the wrong address in the letter, hoping to get out later, which he later succeeds. Zhilin does not run away just like that, he foresees all possible outcomes, plans his escape down to the smallest detail.
And, being already ready, he also takes Kostylin, who at that time was not doing anything, but was only eating and sleeping. Zhilin is a purposeful person, ready to make sacrifices for the sake of friends and colleagues. Kostylin is a pampered egoist, incapable of anything.
After the first unsuccessful attempt, which failed because of Kostylin, Zhilin still ran away, demonstrating his love of life and resilience, but Kostylin did not succeed because of his laziness.
The story ends with Lev Nikolaevich talking about the further fate of Zhilin. Zhilin remained to serve in the Caucasus, as befits a brave officer. Nothing is known about Kostylin’s further fate, other than the fact that he was bought out.
It is noteworthy that Lev Nikolaevich uses the names of the characters to describe their characters. Zhilin is associated with a strong man, strong in soul, not in body, which is clear to readers of “Prisoner of the Caucasus” from the beginning of the story to the end. The surname Kostylin, so similar to a crutch, indicates the laziness and cowardice of the character.
Zhilin and Kostylin in the story “Prisoner of the Caucasus”
Having already read the first lines of the story “Prisoner of the Caucasus”, without even seeing the actions of the two officers, but only from their external description, one might think that L.N. Tolstoy initially contrasts them.
Zhilin has decisiveness, but he is not devoid of foresight, being careful in a dangerous situation and calculating his strength based on the circumstances. And Kostylin takes what is happening lightly.
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Having been captured because of Kostylin’s cowardly act, they behave differently. Zhilin, realizing that he has no one except his mother, and she does not have the money to pay the ransom, deliberately writes other information so that the letter does not arrive at the right address, while Kostylin more than once asks for money in his letter so that he can be ransomed. This fragment of the story testifies to the decency of one and the weakness of the other, accustomed to relying on someone else’s help, and not on himself.
In captivity, Zhilin tries to occupy himself with needlework, he makes dolls, repairs watches, treats Tatars, which earns the respect of the owner himself. Kostylin, on the contrary, lazes around all day, not even trying to find something to do. It is thanks to his resourcefulness that Zhilin organizes an escape. But the weakly resilient Kostylin does not tolerate pain, and Zhilin, without thinking of leaving him, carries him on himself. The escape fails, but Zhilin does not despair and escapes with the help of the girl Dina, with whom he managed to make friends in captivity. And Kostylin is simply waiting for someone to pay for him and release him.
Zhilin can be described as a stubborn, courageous person who does not submit to circumstances, looking for a way out even where there seems to be none.
Kostylin evokes a feeling of contempt in the reader, since his cowardice turned into betrayal, and passively waiting for the situation to be resolved with the help of others cannot in any way be considered a positive quality. Strength of spirit is present in Zilina throughout the entire story, while Kostylin behaves like a weak person and does not inspire respect.
The author also reveals the position of non-acceptance of hostile relations between peoples, showing us how the communication between Zhilin and Dina grew into friendship, which, by a fortunate coincidence, helps him to be saved in the end.
L.N. Tolstoy, in his story “Prisoner of the Caucasus,” shows how the personal essence of two Russian officers, Zhilin and Kostylin, is revealed when they are captured. This work teaches the realization that a person who persistently pursues a goal turns out to be a winner. Strength of spirit and perseverance in any life situations strengthen the character of a person and characterize him positively.
Essay by Zhilin and Kostylin
Today we were asked to write an essay about Zilina and Kostylin. Zhilin and Kostylin are the main characters of the famous work of L. Tolstoy called Prisoner of the Caucasus. Let's take a closer look at the unusual story of Russian officers who were captured during one of the Caucasian wars, and their fates, so different and opposite.
Essay on the topic Zhilin and Kostylin
On the pages of the story Prisoner of the Caucasus, we get acquainted with the difficult destinies of the Russian officers Zhilin and Kostylin, who had to go along a dangerous road where the Tatars could be waiting for them. And so it happened.
Zhilin and Kostylin were attacked, and from the very beginning we see how very different the heroes are.
Let's look in our essay-reasoning at how officers behaved in difficult circumstances, and try to figure out why people behave differently in the same living conditions. Why do we admire some and despise others?
Zhilin and Kostylin have different destinies
Already during the attack of the Tatars, we see how cowardly Kostylin was, while Zhilin behaves courageously and with dignity. Despite the fact that Kostylin treacherously flees, he is still captured along with Zhilin. Zhilin does not lose heart, does not sit still, and is constantly busy with work, which deserves the respect of the mountaineers. Carefully observing what is happening, he develops an escape plan.
Unlike his comrade, Kostylin does nothing. While imprisoned, he waits to be ransomed. If the first hero is brave, decisive and strong, then the second is boring, clumsy and cowardly - the complete opposite of Zhilin.
If Kostylin can easily betray, and thinks first of all only about himself, then Zhilin will always come to the rescue, and most importantly, he thinks about others first. So in his letter to his mother, he writes the wrong address, little worrying that there will be no ransom for him.
The main thing here is not to upset his mother, and here we see all the nobility of his soul, while Kostylin, without a twinge of conscience, asks his relatives to send five thousand rubles for his ransom.
And so, observing such different characters of our heroes, we see how the main characters of the story make their first escape, which failed. And it seems to me that Kostylin was to blame.
Because of him, the fugitives were caught, but Zhilin does not despair. He makes a second escape, where the girl Dina helps him. This escape was crowned with success, and Kostylin remained in captivity, awaiting his ransom.
Only a month later the ransom was paid and Kostylin was released.
And here we see how, under certain circumstances, two opposites collide. Passive and proactive. Loyal and traitor. Brave and cowardly. And if Zhilin commands respect, then Kostylin, in my opinion, deserves only contempt.
Source: https://sochinyshka.ru/sochinenie-zhilin-i-kostylin.html
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Zhilin and Kostylin: different destinies
Zhilin and Kostylin: different destinies
Zhilin and Kostylin are both the main characters in L.N. Tolstoy’s story “Prisoner of the Caucasus.”
The author wrote this work during the Caucasian War, more precisely in the very last years of the war, when one day he himself almost became prey to the enemy.
Tolstoy, together with his friend named Sado, barely managed to ride horses to the border so as not to be captured by the Tatars. This incident prompted the writer to create the story “Prisoner of the Caucasus” (1872).
Zhilin and Kostylin became friends during their service; both were officers. It so happened that on the way to their native lands they were both captured by the Tatars. And this happened due to Kostylin’s fault. He was a man of weak character and undecided.
When he saw the Tatars running towards them, he immediately abandoned his friend in trouble and began to run away. However, nothing worked out for him. Both were captured and locked in shackles in the barn. All further actions seemed to reveal the characters’ character even more.
The author deliberately focuses on the difference between these heroes, because he wants to show what cowardice and weakness are fraught with. If you think about it, he also came up with “speaking” surnames.
One is made of a “vein,” that is, of strength and will, and the other is associated with a “crutch,” that is, with weakness and the absence of an internal core.
When the Tatars order each of them to write home a letter asking for a ransom, Zhilin, unlike his friend, writes the wrong address so as not to frighten the old mother, who does not have that kind of money.
The next time the characters' character is revealed is when they plan to escape. They managed to escape in the dark, but in the forest, due to Kostylin’s fault, they again ended up in the hands of the Tatars.
Zhilin made his second attempt to escape without his friend. They were put in a deep hole and heavy stocks were put on their feet. Kostylin was unable to escape. Firstly, after the first unsuccessful attempt, he immediately gave up.
Secondly, he did not have enough strength and will to take this decisive step.
As a result, Zhilin fled alone. Thirteen-year-old Dina helped him, who brought a long stick to pull her friend out of the hole. She was always kind to him.
She brought food and water at the request of the officer, and in return he made clay dolls for her. The second escape was more successful.
Despite the difficulties that Zhilin encountered along the way, he was able to reach the border, and in the end he crawled. There he was picked up by the Cossacks.
Zhilin changed his mind about going home and remained to serve in the Caucasus. Kostylin had to remain in captivity for another month. He was released for a large ransom, barely alive. This is the result of his cowardice, weakness and unreliability.
If he had been stronger in spirit, they would have escaped together long ago, and maybe they would not have been captured. So L.N. Tolstoy showed how people who find themselves in the same situation behave completely differently due to differences in character.
Such is the character, such is the destiny.
- see also: Summary of Prisoner of the Caucasus, Tolstoy
- Brief biography of Leo Tolstoy
Source: https://my-soch.ru/sochinenie/zhilin_i_kostylin_kavkazsky
Zhilin and Kostylin - comparative characteristics
Two images
“Prisoner of the Caucasus” is an edifying story by L. N. Tolstoy for children. In it, the writer showed two striking opposite images: the brave and resourceful Zhilin and the weak and cowardly Kostylin. The contrast between these people is strengthened by the extreme situation of being captured.
Before captivity
Zhilin and Kostylin are two Russian officers serving in the Caucasus. Kostylin is “an overweight, fat man,” so it is logical to assume that he prefers to command than to fight. And the commander from Kostylin is useless. He persuades Zhilin to leave the soldiers and continue the journey together: “There’s no urine, I’m hungry, and it’s hot.” It’s hard for Kostylin to endure even such inconveniences.
All the way, Kostylin thinks only about food, completely forgetting about a possible attack by the mountaineers. Even when entering the gorge, he ignores Zhilin’s warning: “What to see? Let's go forward." This already shows the huge difference between the two officers.
Zhilin is a prudent commander. He climbs the mountain and notices the mountaineers. Together, the officers had a chance to shoot back in order to retreat to the convoy. However, Kostylin breaks the agreement, betrays his comrade in arms and flees.
When Zhilin realizes that it will no longer be possible to escape from the trap, he makes a courageous decision: “I won’t give in alive...”. A horse is killed under a brave officer. Zhilin tries to fight back to the end, but, crowded in, the mountaineers take him prisoner.
Together again
Once captured, Zhilin does not despair. He examines the village with interest and remembers all the details. which may be useful when escaping.
Zhilin certainly knows about the cruelty of the mountaineers, but he behaves and talks to them very boldly: “To be timid with them is worse.” Even under the threat of punishment, the officer declares that he refuses to pay three thousand rubles. This behavior involuntarily evokes respect from enemies: “Dzhigit Urus!”
During a dispute about the amount of the ransom, Zhilin meets Kostylin again. It turns out that the coward was also unable to hide. Unlike Zhilin, Kostylin’s will was broken even before his capture. The mountaineers easily forced him to write a letter asking him to pay five thousand rubles.
The officers were specially brought together to influence the intractable Zhilin. The idea of the mountaineers failed. Zhilin still managed to reduce the ransom to 500 rubles (“Kill if you want, it won’t do you any good”), and he also demanded a decent allowance for himself and his friend.
Behavior in captivity
Kostylin completely resigned himself to fate. He places all his hopes only on the ransom, “counting the days... or sleeping.”
Zhilin relies on his own strength. Knowing that the old mother would hardly be able to collect even five hundred rubles, he sent a letter to a false address.
Zhilin’s skillful hands allowed him to gain Dina’s trust and even greater respect from the owner. Various things are brought to the officer from all over the area for repair. Zhilin needed the fame of the master only to distract attention. Secretly, he began to dig a tunnel in the barn, and one day, climbing a mountain, he outlined a path to escape.
First escape
The initiative to escape belongs exclusively to Zhilin. He even had to persuade his comrade to run away together. Kostylin from the very beginning became a burden for Zhilin. He constantly complained of fatigue and sore legs. In a fit of irritation, Zhilin regretted taking “this deck with me... If only I would have left long ago.”
The negative attitude towards Kostylin softens a little when he asks Zhilin to leave him and run away alone. But the officer cannot do this. Zhilin courageously hoists fat Kostylin onto his shoulders.
Even with a heavy burden, Zhilin could have escaped his pursuers. The fugitives were given away by Kostylin’s scream.
Second escape
The failure weighed heavily on both prisoners. Kostylin got sick in the pit and stopped hoping for anything. Even Zhilin did not see a way out of the situation.
The friendly relations established with Dina helped Zhilin. The girl initially fed the prisoners, and then decided to help them escape. Kostylin didn’t have the strength to make a second attempt: “It’s obvious that I can’t get out of here.”
Zhilin managed to escape and reach the Cossacks. The “barely alive” Kostylin was bought out a month later.
Final characteristics
Zhilin in the story is a role model, a model of courageous behavior. This officer never despairs and believes in his own strength. Zhilin cares not only about himself, but also about his comrade who betrayed him.
Kostylin evokes only pity and contempt. Such a person has nothing to do in war. He represents a baggage train for the army and an easy victim for enemies.
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The text of the work is posted without images and formulas.
The full version of the work is available in the “Work Files” tab in PDF format. I read a very interesting story by L. Tolstoy “Prisoner of the Caucasus”. It tells about the war between the Russians and the highlanders.
The main characters of the work are Zhilin and Kostylin. They were Russian soldiers captured by the Tatars.
During the attack of the invaders, Zhilin shouted to Kostylin to get his gun, but Kostylin rode away on horseback from his comrade. This characterizes Kostylin as a cowardly person capable of betrayal.
When the soldiers were captured, Zhilin kept in touch with the Tatar girl Dina, who felt sorry for him. The hero was kind to her and gave her homemade clay toys.
Zhilin tried to get to know the area better in order to escape. Kostylin was inactive in captivity: he only lay and ate. He did not even try to escape from the Tatars, did not help Zhilin develop an escape plan. Kostylin thought that they would soon be redeemed from captivity.
During the first escape, the prisoners were unable to escape because Kostylin’s scream gave them away.
Essay on the topic Zhilin and Kostylin have different destinies
L. N. Tolstoy’s story “Prisoner of the Caucasus” tells the story of the fate of two Russian officers who were captured by the highlanders during the war. The plot of the story is quite simple. The story is the same for two, but the destinies are different.
The author chooses surnames for the characters that fully correspond to them. Such surnames in literature are called telling ones, because they can tell a lot about their bearer. Zhilin is short, thin, but wiry and agile. Kostylin is an overweight, fat, lazy man, very difficult to lift. The moment when they are first captured can tell a lot about the heroes.
When the heroes decided to fight off the caravan, Kostylin insisted that the gun was loaded and the horses were faithful. Therefore, he convinced Zhilin that they could continue their journey alone. Although both were aware of the danger.
But we were very tired of driving slowly in such heat.
It was especially difficult for Kostylin. The officers urged their horses forward. But very quickly they came across a Tatar detachment. Kostylin got cold feet and, abandoning his comrade, ran his horse back.
The gun “gone” with Kostylin. Zhilin was left alone with the mountaineers, but continued to fight. He did not give up until the last moment, even when his arms were already twisted. In the Tatar’s house it turned out that Kostylin was also captured. His horse stood up and his gun stopped firing.
That is, in the presence of a large gap, a frisky stallion and a gun, he was not able to fight back. He was detained after Zilina; there was enough time.
In captivity, Zhilin leads a fairly active lifestyle. He makes clay dolls for Tatar children, repairs watches and even weapons. The entire mountaineer settlement is amazed at his skill and ideas.
And even residents of neighboring villages come to him as a master. People come with broken utensils so that he can fix them. In this way he gains the trust and sympathy of the owner.
And the owner’s daughter Dina brings him delicious food secretly. He even managed to feed and caress the dog. Zhilin was preparing to escape. They demanded a ransom for them. He bargained for five hundred rubles.
But Ivan understood that his mother could not raise that kind of money, and he felt sorry for his mother. And he wrote the wrong address on the envelope. I only hoped to escape.
Kostylin, having been captured, slept and lay more and more. I wrote to my family about the ransom of five thousand rubles. And he was just waiting for them to come for him. Zhilin's escape failed only because he took Kostylin with him.
He even carried him in his arms for some time, although his legs were just as worn out. But this did not save their escape.
When they were returned back, Zhilin finds a way to escape. Dina helps him. And the exhausted Kostylin is then ransomed for five thousand, having collected money. These heroes have different destinies because their characters are different. Not even characters, but different attitudes to life.
Only active people who boldly move forward always win. Such as Zhilin.
5th grade. Literature
Source: https://studentguide.ru/shkolnye-sochineniya/sochinenie-na-temu-zhilin-i-kostylin-raznye-sudby.html
Zhilin and Kostylin
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Zhilin and Kostylin: different destinies Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy is a famous Russian writer. I read his story “Prisoner of the Caucasus.” Tolstoy knew a lot about the Caucasus, because he himself served in the Caucasus. In "Prisoner of the Caucasus" Tolstoy talks about two Russian officers - Zhilin and Kostylin. They were both captured. The author contrasts them. Zhilin is brave, kind and smart. He thinks about others first, then about himself. When the Tatars caught him and forced him to write a letter, he bargained for a long time. He knew that his old mother had nowhere to get money. And when I started signing, I wrote the wrong address so that the letter would not arrive. He thought: “I’ll either run away or disappear.” He immediately managed to win the respect of the Tatars by starting to bargain for his life. As a result, his owner agreed to a ransom of five hundred rubles. Kostylin was an overweight man. First he abandoned Zhilin. And then he immediately wrote a ransom letter for five thousand rubles. Zhilin relies only on himself. In captivity, he constantly thinks about escape. He can't sit idle. He begins to repair various things. Zhilin made dolls for the owner’s daughter Dina and repaired Abdul-Murat’s watch. Zhilin helps everyone, even the Tatars, although they were his enemies. He sincerely became attached to Dina, and she then helped him escape. Kostylin is a cowardly person. He doesn't keep his word as an officer. When Zhilin and Kostylin decided to ride ahead of the convoy, Kostylin had a gun. But he was afraid of the Tatars and abandoned his comrade. But that didn't save him. He was also captured. Kostylin is a weak person. He waits for help from his mother and constantly writes letters to her asking for ransom. Kostylin does not know how to survive. In Tatar captivity, he did nothing, did not communicate with the Tatars. He was just waiting for a ransom to be given for him. When Zhilin decided to flee for the first time, he took Kostylin with him. But Kostylin was weak. At first it was difficult for him to walk in boots. When he took them off, it became even harder for him to walk. They were caught because of Kostylin. He couldn't stand the pain. When Zhilin saw the Tatars, he decided to hide. Zhilin threw his comrade in misfortune onto his back, and he screamed. The Tatars heard the scream and caught them. Zhilin at that moment acted like an honest person. He forgave Crutches for abandoning him and helped him. The second time Zhilin ran alone. He knew that he could not hope for ransom. Kostylin remained in the hole. Both Zhilin and Kostylin were saved. But the first received freedom only thanks to himself, and the second - thanks to his relatives. In life we can meet both heroes. But I like Zhilin more, who will never leave a person in trouble.
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