From the history of language
Before writing an essay on the topic of the Russian language, you should definitely touch on the history of its origin and development.
Our country saw a lot before its culture was formed, huge cities were built and a great language appeared. Before its current state, the Russian language has gone through many changes. Its history is very rich, but there are starting points and key moments that make it possible to see how it was formed and developed. The Russian language arose a long time ago, even before our era, before the appearance of the Proto-Slavic language. It was divided into three parts: southern, eastern and western. The Russian language, which was then Old Russian, arose from the East Slavic branch. It was he who was the language of Kievan Rus. Later, Belarusian, Russian and Ukrainian evolved from the Old Russian language. Old Russian has sunk into oblivion, and the ancestor of the modern Russian language—the northeastern dialect—began to take shape. In the 17th century, it was finally formed, writing began to develop, the vocabulary began to expand, and rules arose. It was then that church literature developed. But only in the 19th century the language was divided into ecclesiastical and artistic, and secular literature appeared. New words, borrowed mainly from the French language, were gradually introduced. Terms appeared with the development of new areas of activity. To avoid excessive contamination of the Russian language with foreign words, Peter I awarded it state status. The beginning of the 20th century, along with the development of science, was marked by a new flow of foreign words, mainly English and German. The Church tried to fight this, but to no avail: borrowings were tightly woven into the vocabulary of the Russian language.
What makes it special?
Even in a small essay about the extraordinary Russian language, it is necessary to emphasize its features.
It is very different from others:
- His words have inflections, that is, endings that express grammatical meaning: they indicate the gender, number and case of the word. It turns out that the word has both lexical (the meaning of the word) and grammatical meaning at the same time.
- Words have an initial form. For example, for verbs it is the infinitive, and for adjectives it is the nominative case, singular and masculine. Let’s say that for the verb “I run” the initial form is the word “run”, and for “beautiful” - “beautiful”.
- There are many parts of speech in the Russian language, there are also independent ones (they have a lexical meaning and talk about an object or its actions, and auxiliary ones, which help express grammatical meaning and add semantic nuances).
- The phonetic (sound) system has forty-three phonemes. Sounds are presented in the form of variants, that is, consonants, if possible, are presented in soft and hard form ([m]-[m`]).
- Vowel sounds, especially [a] and [o], can change during speech depending on their position. The strongest, where the sound is clearly audible - under the accent. The further away from the impact sound, the weaker the position.
Essay on the topic of the Russian language in the modern world
We see that a language is constantly changing, but this is how it should be if it is used by a large number of speakers. After all, if a language does not undergo changes, it dies.
In terms of the number of native speakers, Russian occupies an honorable third place, second only to English and Chinese. Every country has Russian-speaking representatives, that is, Russian speech is heard in every corner of the world.
In an essay about the Russian language, mention that it is official in Russia. It is also spoken by the majority of residents of the states that were once part of the CIS. True, after the collapse of the Union, states refused to use the Russian language, prohibited teaching children in it, and gradually the number of people speaking it decreased threefold.
Essay on the topic “The Great and Mighty Russian Language”
The ability to communicate is a valuable gift received by man from nature. Language is not just a means of exchanging information. It is also a way to convey emotions, preserve history and knowledge, and represent new, newly discovered concepts. The Russian language copes well with all these functions. The colorful folklore and melodious speech of the hinterlands allow us to trace how, in the course of history, Russian speech acquired its strength and richness.
Russian is considered a difficult language to learn. And this is natural. After all, it has some features, for example, dividing verbs into persons. Separately, it is worth mentioning the word-formation system of speech. How many emotions are embedded in new forms of words! Let's say that in Russian everyday life there is the word “father”. Its synonym – “dad” – sounds softer, “daddy” – affectionately, “daddy” – tenderly. There is also “daddy” - more serious and “daddy” - ironically. Foreigners cannot understand the Russian soul, which, in order to convey the boundlessness of its feelings, was able to come up with so many variations of the same word, applicable to different life situations.
You should not evaluate lexical richness simply by the number of units recorded in dictionaries. Depth, emotionality, flexibility - that’s what’s important. Only a Russian can see joy in the eyes of his beloved, admire the languid eyes of the goddess, or spit in the impudent eyes of his enemies. A Russian person who has a sufficient vocabulary can easily describe any phenomenon or experienced emotions. Describe figuratively, vividly, clearly.
Swede, Russian - stabs, chops, cuts.
Drumming, screams, grinding,
The thunder of guns, stomping, neighing, groaning,
And death and hell on all sides. (A. Pushkin).
Thanks to the poet’s talent, figurative speech and rich vocabulary, it’s as if we see the crucible of battle with our own eyes: we hear sounds, smell smells, notice colors.
Chalk, chalk all over the earth
To all limits.
The candle was burning on the table,
The candle was burning. (B. Pasternak).
But here, on the contrary, every drain breathes with peace, tranquility and the poetry of a winter evening. And there are many such examples. Poets, writers, literary critics, who comprehended the beauty and enormous possibilities of the Russian language, were able to pass on to us, our descendants, a huge literary heritage, where the word can be a weapon, a source of inspiration, a song, and a cry.
A citizen who loves his Fatherland, his people and his family will respect his native speech. It contains a sufficient number of native Russian word forms to convey feelings and emotions. So why do we increasingly hear other people’s ear-piercing “wow”, “oops” or “ok”? You cannot lose your roots, trying to imbue someone else’s culture and speech. It is good for interethnic communication, but you still need to think and feel in Russian.
National significance in an essay about the Russian language
What is the official language? The one on which laws and decrees are created, the Constitution is written, important papers are drawn up, and trials are conducted. There is even a “Law on the Russian Language” - an official document that prescribes reference books, dictionaries, reference books that contain the norms of the Russian language. And in 2011, Dmitry Medvedev approved Russian Language Day, which falls on June 6 - the birthday of the world-famous great Russian writer and poet Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin.
Essay “Our mighty and beautiful Russian language”
Composition
Our mighty and beautiful Russian language.
Language, our magnificent language, River and steppe expanse in it, In it the screeching of an eagle and a wolf's roar, The chanting, and the ringing, and the incense of pilgrimage. K. D. Balmont
I love my native Russian language and, indeed, I consider it powerful and beautiful. Great poets and prose writers have repeatedly spoken about the Russian language, noting its euphony, rich vocabulary, and variety of expressive means. But I think each of us should be convinced for ourselves that the Russian language is powerful and beautiful, and for this there are all the conditions and opportunities. First of all, these are Russian language lessons, where we not only learn new rules to write correctly, we discover the laws of language, learn to talk about our impressions and interesting events correctly and in an accessible way for others. Russian language lessons help us learn to express any emotional impulse, describe the most intricate adventure, make the most incredible assumption.
Over the years of studying at school, I made many discoveries for myself. The richness of our language, its imagery, conciseness and wisdom helped me understand proverbs and sayings. For example, proverbs about the homeland: “That land is sweet where the mother gave birth”; “The native land is sweet in a handful”; “In the battle for the fatherland, death is red”; “On the other side, even spring is not beautiful.” These proverbs contain everything dear to the heart of a Russian person: mother, land, homeland, fatherland, sweet, red (meaning beautiful). How meaningful these words are! They contain love, strength, and beauty of the Russian person, his character.
I love Russian literature classes. Who, if not the masters of words, our great writers and poets, will help us understand that the Russian language is “melodious and expressive.” After all, they gave us a wonderful world, a world of goodness, a world filled with sounds and colors. We just need to listen to the sounding word. The poetry of A.S. is close to me. Pushkin:
It's a sad time! Ouch charm!
I am pleased with your farewell beauty...
These lines cannot but excite and delight the reader. Especially when it’s autumn outside the window, the golden foliage of birches surprises and fascinates us again and again, it is impossible to take our eyes off the dressed up maples, oaks and birches. That's when these lines come to mind. They convey both autumn sadness and at the same time its greatness. Eye charm... This combination of words from a line of Pushkin’s poem continues to live today, we use it when we want to say something that pleases our eyes, seems especially beautiful and perfect to us. This is probably evidence that the Russian language is powerful: words written two hundred or more years ago still sound modern today, excite our souls, and help us understand beauty.
We can comprehend all the power, greatness and beauty of the Russian language only if we value and love our language, are proud of it, and know how to protect its riches. Therefore, today the words of the Russian poet I. A. Bunin are modern:
Know how to protect, at least to the best of your ability, in days of anger and suffering, Our immortal gift - speech.
Russian literature
The Russian language entered other countries with the help of our great writers. Many foreign universities study Russian literature. Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, and Pushkin are especially valued among amateurs.
For a very long time, Russian literature was separated from foreign readers by a language barrier. The translation that went abroad was not of the best quality.
The first work published in France was Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy's novel War and Peace. Turgenev, who promoted Russian literature in the West, helped in this.
And from the second half of the eighties of the 19th century, books by Leo Tolstoy, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Ivan Turgenev, Ivan Goncharov were already translated into foreign languages. Critics urged authors to learn from writers from Russia. Although our literature was analyzed very one-sidedly: seeing “human suffering” in the books, social problems and ideological richness were completely ignored by critics.
Problems raised by Russian literature
Even in a mini-essay about the Russian language, it is necessary to mention what it brought to world literature.
Foreign writers who began literary activity in the late 19th and early 20th centuries were formed precisely under the influence of Russian literature.
Our literature raised the problems of Russian life and connected them with the history and experience of mankind. She pushed foreigners to think about a person’s personality and his responsibility, about morality, about moral duty to himself and society. It was Russian literature that influenced the development of realism.
Maxim Gorky, who entered world literature, influenced the consciousness of society not only as a writer, but also as a public figure and organizer. His revolutionary spirit was close to many writers. But Vladimir Mayakovsky entered literature as an innovator who brought new forms into culture.
Both Soviet and modern literature are highly valued by foreign readers. This means that we have proven how powerful the Russian word is.
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