Lesson summary: “The revolt of the peasants in Pushkin’s novel “Dubrovsky”.”

№ 18. Topic: “The revolt of the peasants in Pushkin’s novel “Dubrovsky”.”

Literature lesson in 6th grade 10/12/2017

Goals:

continue to develop reading skills; determine the character of the hero by his speech and actions; delve into the relationships of the characters; learn to analyze an episode of a prose text, find out the motivation for the actions of the characters. To help understand what role the analysis of the episode “Fire in Kistenevka” plays in the author’s position, and what means help the author in creating the image of Vladimir Dubrovsky.

Planned results:

Subject:

The student will learn to master: studied terminology on the topic, oral monologue speech skills. Learn oral illustration techniques.

Metasubject:

Cognitive:

be able to identify and formulate a cognitive goal.

Regulatory:

be able to evaluate and formulate what has already been learned
.
Communicative:

be able to model a monologue statement, argue your position and coordinate it with the positions of your partners.

Personal:

development of moral consciousness and competence in solving moral problems based on personal choice; formation of a conscious and responsible attitude towards one’s own actions.

Lesson type:

combined

During the classes.

Organizing time.

2. Updating the accumulated experience and basic knowledge of students.

Conversation.

Which of the characters did you like and why? Who caused the hostility?
Which episodes of the novel do you remember and why exactly?
How did the neighboring landowners and provincial officials treat Troekurov? How can one explain the hero’s rudeness and waywardness?
What are the similarities and differences between the characters of Kirill Troekurov and Andrei Dubrovsky?

3.
Motivation for students' learning activities.
1. Guys, please tell me how life was for the peasants during the time described by A.S. Pushkin in the story “Dubrovsky”? (time of serfdom)

2. How did the peasants live with landowners like Troekurov? (dogs had a better life than people)

3. What kind of relationship did Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky have with the serfs?

4. After what did Dubrovsky Sr. die? (transfer of housing with serfs to Troekurov)

5. What did this lead to?

4. Statement of the topic and objectives of the lesson.

_So, guys, please formulate the topic of our lesson.

— The topic of our lesson today is correct: The revolt of the peasants in Pushkin’s novel “Dubrovsky”

—

Open the notebook and write down the number, class work and topic of the lesson

—

The topic is before you, and what goals will we define?

Students’ perception and assimilation of new educational material.

What do we learn about the life of Vladimir Dubrovsky in St. Petersburg?

(Vladimir “was brought to St. Petersburg in the eighth year of his age,” “he was brought up in the cadet corps and was released as a cornet into the guard; his father did not spare anything for his decent maintenance, and the young man received more from home than he should have expected.”)

What was the relationship between father and son Dubrovsky?

(Vladimir “lost his mother from an early age; he was romantically attached to his father and loved family life the more, the less he had time to enjoy its quiet joys.”)

— How did Vladimir take the news of his father’s illness?

(“The thought of losing his father: painfully tormented his heart, and the situation of the poor patient: terrified him,” “Vladimir reproached himself for criminal negligence” and he urgently goes to his father.)

— How did events develop after young Dubrovsky arrived at his native estate?

(Kistenevka officially went to Troekurov. Vladimir could not understand the events taking place and what role Troekurov played in all this.)

- Why did Vladimir order Troekurov to be expelled?

(Because at the sight of Troekurov, V. Dubrovsky’s father was seized with “terrible confusion”; he “with a look of horror and anger” points at Troekurov and falls unconscious, “paralysis struck him.” Vladimir realized that Troekurov was the culprit of all the troubles.)

Oral drawing.

- Describe how the servant, the Dubrovsky serfs and Troekurov himself behave.

(The servant happily runs to carry out his master’s order: to convey young Dubrovsky’s answer to Troekurov. The serfs look at Kirill Petrovich with curiosity, in their eyes there is triumph and joy for Vladimir, that he was not afraid of Troekurov, and therefore will stand up for them. Troekurov became darker than the night. He looked menacingly at the servants, and in his gaze one could read: he will not forgive them for this.)

Students' application of knowledge.

Work with text.
Analysis of the episode “ Fire in Kistenevka”

Expressive reading.

(let’s call it “Fire”) (“The wind rose...”)

— How did the peasants of Dubrovsky behave when the judicial officials came to take away the estate?

(They tried to start a riot.)

— How does Dubrovsky behave?

(Vladimir stops the peasants and promises to ask for mercy from the sovereign.)

- How does this characterize him?

(Dubrovsky acts nobly, saving peasants from punishment and officials from reprisals.)

– What feelings does Vladimir Dubrovsky experience in his father’s house, where the clerks are in charge?

(Vladimir understands that his life is broken: “It’s all over.” He is tormented by the fact that he must leave his home to the culprit of his father’s death, the man who ruined his family. He thinks with horror that everything that is dear to him is being violated by despicable people. “Terrible thoughts were born in his mind, but he had not yet decided what to do)

– When did Vladimir get the idea to burn the house down?

(Vladimir came to the decision to burn down the “sad house” after he saw the portrait of his mother in a new way, read her letters to his father, where she talked about her little son, and heard the voices of clerks who demanded one thing or another with their presence desecrating the bright memory of Dubrovsky's father and mother. Having come to his senses, he apparently made a final decision: “put the letters in his pocket, took a candle and left the office." These thoughts were the most valuable and dear to him, this is the only thing he took with him. himself and saved him from the fire.).

Physical education minute.

Comparative work.

Reading in faces...Vladimir recognized Arkhip the blacksmith

– What was the blacksmith Arkhip up to?

(Vladimir met Arkhip in a dark hall - he was holding an ax in his hands - he wanted to hack the clerks to death.)

– Did Dubrovsky want the death of his clerks?

(No, he dissuaded Arkhip from killing them: “It’s not the clerks’ fault”; he ordered Arkhip to unlock the doors to the hallway so that the clerks could escape in the event of a fire. Arkhip did not listen to the master and locked the doors. Having left, Dubrovsky did not catch the fire itself and did not I immediately learned about the death of the clerks.)

– What prompted the peasants to join Dubrovsky?

(The peasants joined D. because they were indignant that they were going to be commanded and disposed of not by natural nobles (whose right to own land and people they considered unshakable), but by clerks, people of ignoble origin. Arkhip the blacksmith says, “Have you heard of the matter, clerks decided to take over us, the clerks are driving our masters out of the lord’s courtyard...” The peasants perceived the insult inflicted on their master as their own insult).

An expressive reading of the episode “Arkhip Saves the Cat”...

– Why does the blacksmith Arkhip destroy the clerks, but at the risk of his own life saves the cat?

(Arkhip “looked at the fire with an evil smile”, he did not feel sorry for the “cursed” clerks, in them he saw the culprits of the misfortunes of the masters and all their serfs, he considered revenge fair. Arkhip saves the cat - a helpless creature, leaving the cat to die - from the point of view Arkhip is a sin. He says to the children who laugh at the pitiful animal: “You are not afraid of God: God’s creation perishes, and you foolishly rejoice...” Arkhip perceives the cat as God’s creature, saving which will be a matter pleasing to God, but he does not perceive clerks as people worthy of salvation: in his understanding, they violated the law established by God and the tsar that only nobles can own and dispose of serfs. By helping to carry out an unrighteous trial, they violated God's commandments: they helped one person steal property from another, they lied and violated the oath by which had to tell the truth.)

– Let us pay attention to the speech characteristics of Arkhip the blacksmith in his conversation with Egorovna:

“Arkhipushka,” Yegorovna told him, “save them, the damned. God will reward you. “Why not,” answered the blacksmith.”

– Where have we heard these words before?

Conclusion: in the scene with the clerk (chapter 5), the “voice from the crowd” belonged to the blacksmith.

Summing up the lesson. Reflection.

Having truthfully depicted the life and morals of serf-owners, Pushkin thereby severely condemned the noble serf system of life. In the images of the Dubrovskys, Pushkin boldly spoke out in defense of honor, justice, and human dignity.

Next to the landowners and officials, Pushkin showed the Russian peasants, their intelligence and warmth, their hatred of the rich nobility. Driven to despair by the cruelty and predation of Troekurov and his servants, the peasants of Dubrovsky boldly enter into the fight against their enemies.

In his poem “Village,” Pushkin spoke about serf life:

Here the savage nobility, without feeling, without law, has appropriated to itself with a violent vine And labor, and property, and the time of the farmer... Here, with a painful yoke, everyone is dragged to the grave.

This merciless condemnation of the “savage” nobility, the defense of human honor and dignity, Pushkin’s deep love for his native people and sympathy for their suffering constitute the ideological meaning of the story “Dubrovsky”.

– Which hero would you like to meet?

– What questions remain about the text?

– Whose role would you play in the play? In film?

Assigning homework.

Prepare a story about the relationship between Masha Troekurova and Vladimir Dubrovsky. Answer the questions for chapters XIII - XIX on page 148 of the textbook. Learn the definitions: novel, plot.

Russian revolt in the novel "Dubrovsky"

In his novel “Dubrovsky” A.S. Pushkin described the life of serfs and the tyranny of landowners. He talks about a quarrel between two neighboring landowners Troekurov and Dubrovsky. Dubrovsky is a well-mannered, intelligent person who respects man first of all, and not his titles and wealth; for him, serfs are not slaves, not animals, but individuals. For Troekurov, serfs are of no value; he is rude, capricious, and at times cruel to them.

When the district court made a decision on the transfer of Dubrovsky's peasants to Troyekurov's ownership, it is natural that all of Dubrovsky's household servants were indignant. People knew about Troyekurov’s arbitrariness and did not want to leave their former owner. Dubrovsky stopped his people when they wanted to deal with the clerks who brought the decision from the district court. The peasants obeyed the owner, but some of them did not resign themselves; they understood that the decision would be carried out and that they had the power to change their fate.

At night, the young master Vladimir Dubrovsky set fire to his house, a rebellion was brewing there, and the peasants supported him. The house with the sleeping clerks was on fire, and a cat was darting about on the roof of the barn. Blacksmith Arkhip, one of the most courageous rebels, risked his life to save the animal. Why is cruelty and kindness so combined in people? I think because a person protests against violence, injustice, evil and, when humane arguments do not lead to a positive result, he understands that without a cold and calculating struggle he cannot win. And the innocent, the weak, the downtrodden, if you are stronger, need to be protected. Therefore, those who had a highly developed sense of freedom and justice went with Dubrovsky into the forest.

After the fire, a group of robbers appeared in the surrounding area, looting and burning the landowners' houses. At the head of this gang was Dubrovsky. Those who wanted freedom received it, those who wanted to fight for their rights became forest robbers.

Along with characters from the noble society, in Dubrovsky's story A.S. Pushkin showed a number of heroes from the peasant class oppressed by the nobles. This is no accident. The theme of deprivation and oppression of the peasants who participated in the Patriotic War of 1812 and won it, worried the poet even at the beginning of his work (the poem Village). The fact that the peasants did not receive any relief after the end of the war, but rather, on the contrary, their life became even more unbearable, caused bewilderment, indignation and indignation in the author.

Meanwhile, from the episodes with the peasants, we clearly perceive the author’s love for them, an enthusiastic attitude towards their originality, their wisdom, devotion, fidelity, and spiritual wealth.

Of course, the images of the peasants in the story are not depicted as fully and comprehensively as, for example, the image of Troekurov, however, even from the few pages that Pushkin dedicated to the peasants, it seems to us that we are already familiar with these people. The whole point is that without drawing portraits of peasants in detail, the author managed to emphasize the most important, distinctive features of each of them.

In addition, the portraits of some characters in the story are easily completed by our imagination. This can be said about Vladimir Dubrovsky’s nanny Egorovna. This woman seems painfully familiar to us because she is very similar to another simple Russian woman, Arina Rodionovna, the poet’s nanny. Reading the letter that Egorovna wrote to young Dubrovsky in St. Petersburg, you clearly perceive the innocence and kindness of this woman. Having never studied any sciences, but having a perfect command of the Russian spoken language, Egorovna seems to us, although naive, but a very smart and far from stupid woman. With her feminine and maternal instinct, she quickly grasped how to act in the current situation. And she turned out to be right: for a few more days the father would not have seen his beloved son, and the son would not have found his father alive. What is striking about this simple woman is the devotion with which she serves her masters. Egorovna perceives the child once entrusted to her to raise as her own, and takes care of him as well as her own. When trouble happened to the master, Yegorovna, loyal to the Dubrovsky family, looked after her master not out of any selfish calculation, but out of her kindness and gratitude: the master treated her with respect and kindness.

But Andrei Gavrilovich, apparently, treated this way not only towards his son’s nanny, he also treated all his peasants humanely, he saw them as people, and not cattle, as Troekurov did. Only this can explain the love and kind attitude of the peasants towards their master. The insult that Troekurov inflicted on Andrei Gavrilovich is perceived by the peasants of Dubrovsky as their own. The death of the owner fills the Kistenev peasants with pain and bitterness: The women howled loudly; the men occasionally wiped away tears with their fists. Understanding well who brought their master to the grave, realizing the injustice committed by Troekurov, seeing on whose side the officials are on, carrying out the will of the despot and self-lover, the peasants of Kistenevka are burning with the desire to take revenge. That is why the blacksmith Arkhip came to the manor’s house at night, with an ax in his hands. Arkhip’s hand did not tremble when he locked the door behind which the hated officials were located. But with what pity the blacksmith watches the cat running in confusion on the roof of a burning house, with what anger and condemnation he says to the children: Why are you laughing, you little devils... You are not afraid of God: God’s creation is dying, and you are foolishly rejoicing. And without a moment's hesitation, the blacksmith rushed to save the poor animal. With this episode, the author wanted to show that the injustice and inhumane attitude of the majority of representatives of the ruling class towards ordinary peasants led to the fact that in the eyes of the peasants these oppressors seemed not to be God's creatures, but rather the creation of the devil.

Knowing what life is like for Troekurov’s peasants, Kistenev’s peasants are ready to die rather than fall under his yoke. That’s why they all went into the forest together with Vladimir Dubrovsky, perceiving in the young owner his inherent nobility, courage and justice.

But even here, Pushkin remains true to his views on improving the lives of peasants, most correctly not through armed uprisings, but through peaceful reforms. These views of his are embodied in the final words of young Dubrovsky: You have become rich under my command, each of you has the appearance with which you can safely make your way to some remote province and spend the rest of your life there in honest labor and abundance. But you are all scammers and probably won't want to give up your craft.

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