Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov is the central character of the comedy in verse by A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit". The bright, original character of the main character, his life values, attitude towards people, education, and service became a reflection of the noble society in Russia in the first half of the 19th century. The characterization of Famusov is important for understanding the morals that reigned in the highest aristocratic circles. After all, a separate concept was formed from the hero’s surname - “Famus society”, in which aristocrats with outdated views on social issues set the tone.
The material was prepared jointly with a teacher of the highest category, Ilyina Galina Sergeevna.
Experience as a teacher of Russian language and literature - 36 years.
a brief description of
Before reading this analysis, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the work Woe from Wit itself.
Full name : Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov.
Age : elderly man.
Occupation : government official, manager in a government office.
Family : widower, daughter Sophia.
Social status : nobleman.
Origin - comes from a noble family, belongs to the highest metropolitan nobility.
Upbringing is traditional for noble families.
Education is traditional for noble families.
Appearance : medium height, plump, gray-haired man.
Character - lively, decisive, active, hypocritical, helpful.
Positive traits - a caring father, values family ties, kind.
Negative traits - fickle, irritable, restless, arrogant, a great flatterer, respects only high ranks and wealth, an enemy of enlightenment.
The work is “Woe from Wit.”
Author : Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov.
Characteristics of the master
The adherence of the rich to the old regime and their resistance to newness in all aspects of life is shown in the comedy “Woe from Wit.” Famusov is a major official, a very respected person in society, he communicates closely with noble nobles, titled persons visit his house. Pavel Afanasyevich, in his views, is an Old Believer, a supporter of the serf-owning nobility.
Griboyedov revealed the image of Famusov in the comedy “Woe from Wit” from all sides. For those whom he considers his equal, the master is a cordial and hospitable host, whose house is always open. Pavel Afanasyevich is a resourceful and witty storyteller, a good-natured person who is not devoid of worldly intelligence. This is a loving father, ready to both scold and caress his daughter. He treats servants rudely, grumpily, and has a quick temper. As a boss, he is strict and demanding.
Speech characteristics of Famusov
Famusov's speech is a reflection of his character and sounds imperious, arrogant, and lordly. In communication with Chatsky and Molchalin, a peremptory and edifying tone slips through. Famusov communicates with simple, dependent people (servants) frankly rudely, with higher officials, representatives of high society - insinuatingly, delicately, helpfully.
Famusov is a good storyteller, his speech is distinguished by expressiveness and imagery, good-natured irony: “Yes, it’s a bad dream, as I see it. Everything is here, if there is no deception: And devils and love, and fears and flowers”, “Let’s take the tramps, and into the house and with tickets...”
Despite the fact that Famusov is a nobleman, in his speech one can find many colloquial, folk words and expressions: “see what whims have developed”, “it’s of little use”, “you threw away the thing”, “I’m rushing around like crazy”, “Where there are miracles, there is little store.”
Characteristics of the Famusov society
“Famusovsky” is the name given to the society of nobles, aristocrats who served as a stronghold of royal power in Russia. It is this society with its views and foundations that is the focus of the author’s attention; it is to it that he pays a lot of attention in the work.
The “Famusovsky” society is named after one of the main characters, Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov, since he is its most accurate reflection. Famusov concentrates all the negative traits characteristic of feudal landowners in the first half of the 19th century: hypocrisy, veneration of rank, flattery, tyranny. Above all, he values high ranks, wealth and connections, and sees enlightenment as a threat to his usual existence.
The characters that make up the “Famus society” are very diverse. This is the obsequious, servile secretary Molchalin, and the pompous, narrow-minded Colonel Skalozub, and the arrogant Tugoukhovsky couple, and even Sophia, Famusov’s daughter, who, despite her proud and straightforward disposition, remains a morally blind person.
Attitude towards others
Pavel values financial well-being and status in his environment. Only those who have achieved success in their lives are considered. The method of obtaining material benefits for the hero does not matter. For his daughter, he prefers suitors from a wealthy circle who have achieved success and made a career, and the poor are no match for them.
He treats servants with disdain, but favors representatives of the nobility who have a position in society. He does not disdain fawning over people of high birth and respects high positions. He values ranks and curries favor with those who have them.
Famusov respects people who have achieved success, and does not value those who do not strive to climb the career ladder.
In the work he is not a negative character with negative character traits. Famusov also has positive sides: he is the best father, loving his daughter with all his soul, trying to do everything possible for her well-being. He also shows a good attitude towards the son of his deceased friend, Chatsky. After the death of her parent, Alexandra is taken into foster care. This shows his respect for his deceased friend.
Biography
Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov is a wealthy nobleman and landowner. Holds a high position in the civil service.
This is an elderly man, but still cheerful, active, active. He was married, but his wife died after the birth of their daughter. Apparently, he was unhappy in his marriage.
He pays a lot of attention to raising his only daughter Sophia. Being a caring father, he sees his daughter’s happiness in his own way: she must definitely marry a rich man from their circle. Neither poor Molchalin nor the wayward Chatsky suit him as suitors.
Angered by Sophia’s excessively free behavior, he threatens to send her as punishment from Moscow “to the village, to her aunt, to the wilderness, to Saratov.” But, most likely, after an outburst of anger he will calm down and leave everything in its place.
Famusov's image
Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov is a prominent representative of the Russian nobility, an aristocratic elite with outdated patriarchal foundations. This is a major official, a wealthy nobleman who values position in society, wealth, and good relations with his superiors above all else.
He is somewhat dismissive of his work in the public service. He gets tired of paperwork, and often he doesn’t even get to the bottom of the matter. At the same time, Famusov is a business man, always busy, who spends a lot of time at work.
Pavel Afanasyevich does not see any value in education. Moreover, it is in enlightenment that he sees the reason for all sorts of innovations, reforms, changes - everything that scares him so much. He forbids his daughter to read books that, in his opinion, corrupt the girl.
Meanwhile, Famusov is a friendly, hospitable, attentive person who is reverent about the past and rooted traditions. He sincerely loves his daughter, cares about her, but his love is selfish, and Famusov is not able to understand what will really make his daughter happy.
The meaning of Famusov's image
Depicting Famusov and his guests, Griboyedov sought not only to reflect the palette of outdated views of the feudal landowners, not only to show their inconsistency, but also to demonstrate to the reader how firmly their habits were ingrained in their minds. This is the significance of Famusov’s role in the comedy “Woe from Wit.” The camp of the “past century” in the period described in “Woe from Wit” was still very strong and outnumbered the representatives of the progressive nobility. Controversies are only brewing among the aristocrats. But ultimately the replacement of the old with the new is inevitable.
The article describes the image of the hero Famusov, his characteristics and views on life - this information will be useful to 9th graders when preparing an essay on the topic “The image of Famusov in the comedy “Woe from Wit””
Work test
His surname was derived from the word “fama,” which in Latin means “rumor”; it was indicated that by this Griboedov wanted to emphasize that Famusov was afraid of rumors and public opinion. The surname “Famusov” is derived from the Latin word “famosus” - famous, famous. ( This material will help you write competently on the topic The image and character of Famusov in the comedy Woe from Wit. The summary does not make it possible to understand the full meaning of the work, so this material will be useful for a deep understanding of the work of writers and poets, as well as their novels, stories, stories , plays, poems.
) Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov is a wealthy landowner and high-ranking official. He is a famous person in the circle of the Moscow nobility. This is emphasized by his surname Famusov - a well-born nobleman: he is related to the nobleman Maxim Petrovich, is closely acquainted with the chamberlain Kuzma Petrovich and the titled nobles who visit his house.
Famusov is a realistically created image. He is revealed in every way - both as a landowner, and as an official, and as a father.
In his views, he is an “Old Believer,” an ardent defender of the rights of the feudal nobility, an opponent of novelty in all areas of political and social life. Famusov is a fan of noble Moscow, its customs, and the way of life of the Moscow nobility. At home, he is a hospitable, cordial host, a witty and resourceful storyteller, a loving father, and an imperious master. In the service he is a strict boss, the patron of his relatives. He is not devoid of a practical, worldly mind, good nature, but at the same time he is also grouchy, quick-tempered, flattering to those he is interested in or of whom he is afraid.
The peculiarities of his nature are expressed with remarkable completeness in his language. His speech is typical of a Moscow gentleman.
The composition of Famusov's dictionary is very diverse. In his speech there are popular words and expressions: potion, by chance, giveaway, from where, against next week, colonels for a long time, they are beating their thumbs, they are not blowing anyone’s nose, etc. There are also foreign words: symphony, quarter, kurtag, carbonari. But it is characteristic that in the language of Famusov, who has excellent command of speech, there are no words expressing complex emotional experiences or scientific concepts - this indicates his low cultural level. Famusov speaks in everyday language. That’s why his syntax contains a lot of colloquial expressions and popular figures of speech: “Well, you threw that thing away!”, “Almost jumped out of bed!” With his speech, its vocabulary and syntax, Famusov seems to want to emphasize that he is a Russian gentleman who does not shy away from common speech. This somewhat distinguishes him from other members of his society.
But Famusov’s nature is more clearly manifested in the intonations in the shades that his speech acquires depending on who he is talking to.
Arrogant and arrogant with the petty official Molchalin, to whom he always addresses him on a first-name basis, Famusov treats Chatsky as if he were a man of his own circle. Famusov flatteringly and ingratiatingly speaks to the influential Skalozub: “Sergei Sergeich, dear!”, “I humbly ask,” “allow me,” “have mercy”; in a conversation with him, he adds a particle to the words - s: “to us here, sir,” “here, sir, Chatsky, my friend, Andrei Ilyich’s late son,” etc.
He is rude to the servants, shouting at them: “Donkeys! Should I tell you a hundred times?”
The image of Famusov the father is clearly revealed in his treatment of Sophia. He scolds her,” and caresses her, and reproaches her, and takes care of her. He addresses her differently: Sofya, Sofyushka, Sofya Pavlovna, my friend, daughter, madam.
Thus, through his speech style, Griboedov makes the true image of Famusov, this typical representative of the Moscow nobility of the early 19th century, even more vivid.
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This comedy), stands Famusov, a representative of the bureaucratic nobility. (See also the article The Image of Famusov.) Griboyedov himself in one of his letters (to Katenin) says that in the person of Famusov he portrayed his uncle, a famous Moscow gentleman. “What kind of aces live and die in Moscow,” says Famusov himself; This is exactly the kind of “ace” he himself portrays. His large, lively figure inspires some sympathy with its liveliness, everyday typicality and integrity; but, listening to his words, delving into the meaning of his speeches, you immediately see his no less significant negative traits. Famusov, apparently, occupies a prominent place in the public service and has a high rank. But how does he feel about his position, how does he look at the service in general? His secretary is Molchalin, whom Famusov keeps “because (he) is businesslike”; Molchalin sorts out the cases, brings papers to his boss for a report, but Famusov has one concern:
“I am afraid, sir, that I alone am mortally afraid, lest many of them accumulate; If you gave it free rein, it would have stuck, But with me, what’s a matter, what’s not a matter, My custom is this: It’s signed, so it’s off my shoulders.
».
Famusov, Sofya, Molchalin, Lisa. Illustration by D. Kardovsky for Griboedov’s comedy “Woe from Wit”
It is clear that he does not delve into the matter, the solution of which depends on him, but is only in a hurry to sign and get rid of worries. Service for Famusov does not represent the fulfillment of any duties, but is a path and method for achieving personal gain, wealth and fame. In contrast to Chatsky, who believes that one must serve “the cause, not individuals,” Famusov finds that “serving individuals” is necessary in order to achieve nobility. He sets as an example (monologue “That’s it, you are all proud”) his uncle, Maxim Petrovich, who, being already a noble nobleman himself, -
(“It’s not like he ate on silver, he ate on gold; A hundred people are at his service; all in orders”) -
managed to earn the favor of the Empress (Catherine II) with a clownish trick.
“And uncle! What is your prince, what is your count! Serious look, arrogant disposition! When it is necessary to curry favor, And he bent over.”
This is Famusov’s ideal! Adulation is the surest way to achieve rank, and Famusov calls “proud” someone who does not want to follow this beaten path. Not wanting to even listen and think about Chatsky’s heated objections, Famusov is sure
in his rightness, because the way his fathers thought and “did” was the way it had been since the old days. He speaks quite frankly about these low and ugly practices of the bureaucratic world; he also simply admits that he always tries to place his relatives in advantageous positions, without caring whether they are capable of fulfilling the duties assigned to them:
“How can you begin to imagine To a little cross or to a small town, Well, how can you not please your dear little one.”
Famusov expresses his cynical confessions with naive simplicity.
Woe from the mind. Maly Theater performance, 1977
Famusov’s views on raising children and education in general are noteworthy. He sees nothing good in books:
“Reading is of little use”
he says in response to Lisa’s words that his daughter Sophia “read all night” in French. “French books make her sleepless,” he continues, “but Russians make it painful for me to sleep.”
In learning, in books, he sees the cause of all freethinking and disorder:
“Learning is the plague, learning is the reason, That now there is more than ever, Crazy people and deeds and opinions have multiplied.”
“...if evil is to be stopped, - Collect all the books and burn them.”
However, contrary to this opinion, Famusov hires foreign teachers for Sofia, contemptuously calling them “vagabonds,” but he does this because “everyone” does it, and Famusov’s main principle is to follow the general trend. He gives Sophia an education, but does not bother to delve into the moral qualities of her educators: Madame Rosier, “the second mother, the old lady of gold,” to whom Famusov entrusted the upbringing of his daughter,
“For an extra five hundred rubles a year, I allowed myself to be lured by others.”
What principles could such a teacher teach? Obviously, Famusov, like many other parents of secular society, sought for his daughter to recruit “teachers of the regiment, more in number, at a cheaper price.” Personally, he does not praise the general fascination with foreigners:
“Kuznetsky Bridge and the eternal French,
he is indignant
But it is clear that he scolds the French precisely because he considers them “pocket destroyers” and does not see the difference between a “book” and a “biscuit” shop.
Famusov’s concerns about his daughter boil down to giving her an external upbringing that is consistent with the generally accepted requirements of society, and marrying her off to a suitable person; he tries to convince Sophia that he
“Whoever is poor is not a match for her.”
In his eyes, the ideal husband for Sophia is Skalozub, since he is “both a golden bag and aims to be a general.” And the fact that Skalozub is disgusted with his daughter does not bother the “caring” father in the least. What is more important for Famusov: for Sophia to choose a husband after her heart, or for society to say that she made a brilliant match? Of course, the last one! Public opinion
, then “what Princess Marya Alekseevna will say,” this is the spring and engine of all Famusov’s words and actions.
And yet this man has, if not positive, then at least partly sympathetic features. His hospitality, characteristic of all truly Russian natures, is endearing; his house is open:
“The door is unlocked for those invited and uninvited, Especially for foreigners; Whether he’s an honest person or not, it’s all the same for us—dinner is ready for everyone.”
But even in these words (from the monologue “Taste, father, excellent manner”) we see, in addition to hospitality, Famusov’s well-known moral promiscuity: he amuses himself with his hospitality, and the moral qualities of his guests are completely indifferent to him. What is attractive about him is his sincere love for everything that is his own, Russian, Moscow; how he admires Moscow aces, old men, ladies, boys and girls! Famusov’s good nature is also attractive, or rather, the innocence that comes through in all his speeches. Griboyedov portrayed a truly living person, with personal features that distinguish him. “Grumpy, restless, quick,” Sophia characterizes him; He is quick-tempered, but also easy-going - “often angry to no avail,” but also good-natured.
Speaking about Famusov, one cannot fail to mention the famous artists who performed his role. “Woe from Wit” was first staged on stage in 1831 after Griboedov’s death; The wonderful actor Shchepkin was then known in the role of Famusov. In the first half of the twentieth century, this role was played with extraordinary talent by the famous director and founder of the tradition of the Moscow Art Theater - Stanislavsky
; The role of Chatsky was performed incomparably by Kachalov.
The image of Famusov in the comedy “Woe from Wit” is the embodiment of representatives of the autocracy, the reactionary militia bureaucracy. At the beginning of the 19th century there were a lot of such people; friends of Griboyedov, Pushkin, and the Decembrists spoke about them. The lordly environment had a negative attitude towards everything new and vehemently defended the old order. Famusov is not one person, but a whole class of ignoramuses, for whom there is nothing more important in life than money.
Conclusion
Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov, being one of the main characters of the comedy A.S. Griboyedov's "Woe from Wit" performs an important function. He personifies an old-world aristocratic society, and the role of the hero is to demonstrate the inconsistency of this society, its spiritual poverty, its inability to create something interesting, practical, and worthy of respect.
The attitude towards Famusov is quite contradictory; it cannot be called exclusively negative. In essence, he is a good person, good-natured and caring, but his narrow-mindedness, short-sightedness, hypocrisy, passion for rank and wealth cancel out all his merits.
The collected material, which includes quotes from the text, allows you to independently characterize the character according to plan, and will help you compose a detailed written work or write an essay on a given topic.
