How to write an essay OGE 15.3?

Theses

Almost every conscious person who has once committed an ignoble act sooner or later repents.
The concept of “Repentance” is synonymous with conscience, without which the development of morality in each of us is impossible.
Repentance sometimes comes as a punishment for those who were unable to show determination in the fight for their happiness.
Repentance is evidence of moral purification of the individual.
When a person repents of what he has done, he takes the first step towards atonement for his sins.

Russian literature:

Andreev L.N. — “Judas Iscariot”, “Red Laughter”, “Petka in the Dacha”
Astafiev V.P. — “Tsar Fish”, “Dome Cathedral”, “Hut”, “Horse with a Pink Mane”, “Lyudochka”, “Postscript”, “Last Bow”
Babel I. - “Cavalry”
Bianchi V. - “Stories about Animals”
Blok A. - “Twelve”
Bulgakov M.A. — “The Master and Margarita”, “Heart of a Dog”, “Notes of a Young Doctor”, “Fatal Eggs”
Bunin I.A. — “Mr. from San Francisco”, “Brothers”, “Dark Alleys”
Bykov V. - “Roundup”, “Sotnikov”, “Until Dawn”
Vasiliev B. - “And the dawns here are quiet...”, “Drop by drop”
Vorobyov K. - “German in felt boots”
Gal N. - “The Living and the Dead Word”
Ginzburg E. - “Steep Route”
Gogol N.V. — “Taras Bulba”, “Dead Souls”, “The Overcoat”, “The Inspector General”, “Terrible Revenge”
Goncharov I.A. - "Oblomov"
Gorky M. - “Old Woman Izergil”, “At the Depths”, “Childhood”, “Mother”, “Tales of Italy”, “My Universities”, “Konovalov”, “The Orlov Spouses”
Griboyedov A.S. - “Woe from Wit”
Grossman V. — “Life and Fate”
Dostoevsky F.M. — “Crime and Punishment”, “Idiot”, “White Nights”, “The Brothers Karamazov”, “Demons”, “The Boy at Christ’s Christmas Tree”
Dudintsev V. - “White Clothes”
Yesenin S.A. - "Song of the Dog"
Zheleznyakov A. - “Scarecrow”
Zhigulin A. - “Black Stones”
Zakrutkin V. - “Mother of Man”
Zamyatin M. - “We”
Ilf I., Petrov E. - “Golden Calf”
Knyshev A. - “Oh, the great and mighty Russian language!”
Korolenko V.G. — “The Blind Musician”, “Children of the Dungeon”
Kuprin A.I. — “Garnet Bracelet”, “Taper”, “Duel”, “Olesya”
Levitansky Yu. - “Everyone chooses for himself...”
Lermontov M.Yu. — “Borodino”, “Hero of our time”, “And I see myself as a child...”, “Stanzas”, “Clouds”, “I will not humiliate myself before you”
Leskov N.S. — “Lefty”, “Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk”, “The Enchanted Wanderer”
Likhachev D.S. — “Thoughts about the Motherland”
Mayakovsky V.V. - “Good attitude towards horses”
Nekrasov N.A. - “Who Lives Well in Rus'”, “Grandfather Mazai and the Hares”, “Railroad”, “Reflections at the Main Entrance”
Nikitin A. — “Walking across three seas”
Nosov E. - “Difficult Bread”
Ostrovsky A.N. - “Thunderstorm”, “Our people - we will be numbered!”
Pasternak B.L. - "Doctor Zhivago"
Paustovsky K.G. — “Telegram”, “The Old Cook”, “The Tale of Life”
Pelevin V.O. — "Generation Pi"
Petrov A. - “The Life of Archpriest Avvakum”
Platonov A.P. - “In a Beautiful and Furious World”, “Yushka”
Polevoy B. - “The Tale of a Real Man”
Pristavkin A. - “The golden cloud spent the night”
Prishvin M. - “Pantry of the Sun”
Pushkin A.S. - “Eugene Onegin”, “The Captain’s Daughter”, “The Station Agent”, “The Queen of Spades”, “Nanny”, “I Loved You...”, “October 19”, “God help you, my friends”, “The more often he celebrates Lyceum", "Chaadaev"
Rasputin V.G. — “Farewell to Matera”, “French Lessons”
Rybakov A. - “Children of Arbat”, “35th and other years”
Ryleev K.F. — “Ivan Susanin”, “The Death of Ermak”
Saltykov-Shchedrin M.E. — “The History of a City”, “The Golovlev Family”
Solzhenitsyn A. - “Matrenin’s Yard”, “One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich”, “The Gulag Archipelago”, “In the First Circle” V. Soloukhin “Black Boards”, “Letters from the Russian Museum”
Tvardovsky A.T. — “Vasily Terkin”
Tolstoy L.N. — “War and Peace”, “Sevastopol Stories”, “Childhood”, “After the Ball”
Trifonov Yu. - “House on the Embankment”, “Disappearance”
Turgenev I.S. — “Fathers and Sons”, “Mumu”, “Russian Language”, “Biryuk”, “Notes of a Hunter”, “Nature”, “Conversation”, My Trees”, “Sea Sailing”, “Asya”
Tyutchev F.I. — “Not what you think, nature…”, “The Last Cataclysm”
Ulitskaya L. - “Daughter of Bukhara”
Uspensky G.I. - “Straightened up”
Fadeev A. - “Young Guard”
Fet A.A. - “Learn from them - from the oak, from the birch ...”, “On a haystack at night in the south”, “Dawn says goodbye to dawn”, “Pines”
Fonvizin D.I. - "Undergrown"
Chernyshevsky N. - “What to do?”
Chekhov A.P. — “The Cherry Orchard”, “Darling”, “Jumping”, “Anna on the Neck”, “Ionych”, “Gooseberry”, “Ward No. 6”, “Student”, “Chameleon”, “Thick and Thin”, “Death” official", "Vanka", "Steppe", "Melancholy", "Unter Prishibeev", "Bride"
Chukovskaya L. - “Sofya Petrovna”
Chukovsky K.I. - “Alive as life”
Shalamov V. - “Kolyma Tales”
Schwartz E. - “Dragon”
Sholokhov M.A. — “Quiet Don”, “The Fate of Man”, “Melon Garden”, “Birthmark”

Arguments

I.S.
Turgenev, "Asya" . In the story by I.S. Turgenev "Asya". The main character N.N. — inspired by life, calm and happy person. He values a measured daily routine, balance and inner carefreeness. But the moment Gagin and his sister Asya appear in a man’s life, everything changes. The girl seemed beautiful and cheerful to him, her actions amused him. But when the time has come for a decisive step - recognition, the main character is cowardly and afraid of responsibility, which leads to Asya disappearing from his life forever. For a long time afterwards N.N. will repent for his indecision and regret the prospect of possible happiness. But his futile regret will not correct the mistake he has made.

A.S. Pushkin, “Eugene Onegin”

. Or in the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". Young and dreamy Tatyana is imbued with love for the main character, and over time, after briefly nurturing a painful feeling in her chest, she sends Evgeniy a letter of revelation, where she confesses her love to him. But Onegin does not reciprocate the girl’s feelings and rejects Tatyana’s feelings. However, time passes and everything changes. The main character is overcome by the realization of love, and he hurries to tell his beloved about the reciprocity that has come. True, unfortunately, the girl is already married, although she still loves Evgeniy, but cannot reciprocate his feelings, so as not to betray her husband, whom she deeply respects. Onegin is left with nothing but a feeling of remorse for being scared and not taking the girl’s confession seriously. Repentance allows him to realize the depth of his own delusion.

N.M. Karamzin, “Poor Liza”

. In this story, the main characters are a couple in love. She is a young and beautiful peasant woman, and he is a young, stately nobleman. From the very beginning of the work, one can notice that this relationship is doomed to parting, and Erast also understands this, but cannot control himself and gives in to a rush of passion. While Lisa is very dreamy and naive, she has no idea that this tandem will not last forever. And when “all good things come to an end” and the young man leaves, the girl suffers and suffers greatly. She soon learns that her lover plans to marry a rich widow. Unable to cope with the resentment of her first love, Lisa commits suicide, and Erast will repent and blame himself for the rest of his days.

A.I. Kuprin, “Garnet Bracelet”

. The main character is desperately and unrequitedly in love with Vera Nikolaevna. She is his meaning of life, he sees her in everything that surrounds him. As confirmation of his sincere feelings, he gives her a garnet bracelet. This is followed by a letter with a frank, divine declaration of love. “I thank God that you exist.” To such a beautiful and pleasant statement, Zheltkov is answered not by the object of his adoration himself, but by her husband. Unable to bear this answer and unable to control himself, the main character commits suicide. Vera, having learned about this, is horrified and greatly repents. After all, she missed not only a man who passionately loved her, but also a woman’s happiness in selfless love. Vera's repentance will not change anything, but will allow her to become wiser and more experienced.

L.N. Tolstoy, "War and Peace".

Andrei Bolkonsky, after his wedding with Lisa, gradually loses interest in his wife. Her frivolity, coquetry and secular lifestyle irritate the smart and serious Andrei. The main character is unable to hide this fact, and he enthusiastically goes to fight in the hope of taking a break from everyday life and his wife. But Lisa died during childbirth, and Andrei was left with a small child. He found his wife near death and saw a silent reproach on her brow. She seemed to reproach him: why did he treat her like that? After this, the hero could not restore spiritual harmony for a long time. This repentance allowed him to become wiser and kinder. He began to have a different attitude towards family life and recognized its priority in the life of every person.

F.M. Dostoevsky, “Crime and Punishment”

. Because of Rodion's lifestyle and plight, a popular theory about the right to life arises in his head. Being in the role of God and the arbiter of destinies, a man does not think that when he kills another, he, first of all, does it to himself. Trying to prove his own importance in the imaginary hierarchy, the hero kills the old pawnbroker and her sister. After this, he falls ill with a fever and almost loses his mind, because he killed himself, his soul, but not his theory. Only with the passage of time, thanks to Sonya Marmeladova, does Raskolnikov realize what he has done. The main character realizes how wrong he was and renounces all his theories, seeing how wrong they were. After this, repentance comes immediately and accompanies him to the end. It was this that allowed Rodion to heal and start life anew.

A.S. Pushkin, "The Captain's Daughter"

. Pyotr Grinev, the main character of the novel, leads a cheeky lifestyle, because his future in an elite regiment is guaranteed by his rich parents. But when, because of the priest’s anger, he ends up in the Belogorsk fortress, everything changes 180 degrees. While there, he learns various life lessons. The test of love, betrayal, friendship - all this makes him look at his old life and repent of his former idleness. He doesn't intend to live like this anymore. Love leads him to repentance; now Peter wants to live honestly and correctly. And repentance leads the main character to change his own way of life for the better. From a “minor” he turns into a hero of the fatherland.

V.M. Shukshin, “Kalina Krasnaya”

. The main character, having contacted the wrong company at one time, repents before his mother, to whom he brought a lot of grief and misfortune. Due to the criminal past and its echoes, the family’s life goes downhill, and the single mother no longer hopes to meet her child. Mom’s heart cannot withstand the blows of fate and languishes alone. That is why the young man comes to his senses, refuses to do business with his old friends and takes the true path of the right life. His repentance is the beginning of correction. Without this realization, he would never have changed for the better.

A.N. Ostrovsky, "The Thunderstorm"

. The main character is a very pious, fragile girl who wants love and care. But, unfortunately, as a companion she comes across a “mama’s boy” and a mattress who, not only his wife, but also cannot defend himself in front of his domineering mother. His only dream is to quickly get away from his mother’s instructions; the last thing he thinks about is his young wife. And it’s not easy for her, her mother-in-law constantly finds a reason to again start a conflict with the good Katerina. Finding herself in despair, she decides to cheat, succumbs to passion, and goes beyond boundaries. This affair could remain a secret, but the girl’s moral level is so high that she simply cannot live with it. Katerina repents and tells her mother-in-law and husband everything, despite the consequences. Repentance cleanses her soul, but does not help solve the problem of domestic slavery. However, it is the awareness of her own sinfulness that helps Katerina remain true to herself and her beliefs until the end of her life.

V.P. Astafiev, “Horse with a pink mane”

. They say that children are much more conscientious than adults. The main character of the work deceives his grandmother: together with the berries he eats for sale, he fills the container with earth, and disguises it with berries on top. He is very remorseful and feels awkward. Moral remorse does not allow the boy to live in peace, which is why he confesses to his grandmother about his wrongdoing. She, of course, forgives him and rewards him with a carrot, since the boy sincerely repented.

All of the above examples of repentance in literature teach us not to make mistakes, and if this happened intentionally or through negligence, boldly admit our guilt, so as not to regret and suffer for the rest of our lives.

Arguments from literature for essay 15.3: Inner world (OGE in Russian)

Russian classics provide the reader with many examples that reveal the theme of the inner world of man. The best arguments have been selected for you by the Many-Wise Litrekon. He advises you to take them as the basis for essay-reasoning 15.3 on the OGE in the Russian language. Happy enlightenment!

A.S.
Pushkin, "Eugene Onegin" . It is not without reason that the main character of the novel became a “sweet ideal” for the author. Tatyana had a rich inner world, which attracted people to her. Neither Onegin nor the general can be called stupid men, but it was she who they chose as their lifelong friend. The whole point is that the girl’s reading, education and morality were so bright that not a single knowledgeable person could forget them.
A.S.
Pushkin, "The Captain's Daughter" . Inner peace does not always become outer dignity. Many positive qualities are hidden under the veil of modesty. This happened with the main character of Pushkin’s story: Marya was considered a “coward,” but at the decisive moment she showed persistence and determination. For the sake of love, the girl committed a brave act and rescued her groom from prison. The riches of her soul were not a reason for boasting, which is why people learned about them so late.
A.P.
Chekhov, "Tosca" . Every person has his own inner world, even if it seems rustic and undeveloped. Even the coachman, who tried to pour out his soul full of sorrow to his masters, has a subtle internal organization that is so easy to destroy. In Jonah's sad confession, the reader sees his spiritual suffering and understands that it speaks about the richness and depth of his personality.
N.V.
Gogol, "The Overcoat" . In the story, the author showed the inner world of a little man yearning for understanding and love. In a new thing, Bashmachkin saw not an opportunity to flaunt his wealth, but a path to respect and recognition in society. After the transformation, he changes not so much externally as internally. The forces of life, the forces of freedom overwhelm him. This means that even the most modest and unassuming person has a deep and incomprehensible soul, which is worth paying attention to first of all.
M.Yu.
Lermontov, "Hero of Our Time" . Grigory Pechorin engaged in endless introspection in order to comprehend the depths of his “I”. However, other people could not understand him, and he suffered from a painful gap between himself and society. His rich inner world was initially distorted by misunderstanding and vulgarity of the environment. As a result, the beautiful and noble nature became only a burden to itself.
A.I.
Solzhenitsyn, Matrenin's Dvor. Inner peace is not only the mind and consciousness, but also the virtues of the soul. The heroine of the story did not have any special knowledge or skills, but she was spiritually and morally rich. She helped people free of charge and willingly, and did not get angry or complain about fate. Her kindness and hospitality became a source of joy for many villagers going through difficult times.
M.A.
Bulgakov, “Heart of a Dog” . The inner world of a person cannot be synthesized scientifically, it cannot be decomposed into molecules and assembled again. The proof was the experience of Preobrazhensky, who created a man from a dog, but could not repeat the human personality with all its depth. This means that the soul and mind of the individual are a mystery that is beyond the understanding.
M.A.
Sholokhov, “The Fate of Man.” The hero of the story showed amazing qualities that he himself did not suspect about in peaceful life. Andrei Sokolov became a soldier, devoted to his country and uncompromising towards his enemies. His courage, fortitude and honesty became the pillar of the country in difficult times. Responsibility for one’s fatherland and love for it are manifestations of a rich inner world.
ON THE.
Nekrasov, "Troika" . The poet sadly describes the lot of a beautiful young peasant woman, doomed to “dumb patience” and “senseless eternal fear.” Now she is cheerful and full of life, but once she gets married, hard work and continuous childbearing will tighten the collar around her neck. Class inequality was merciless to peasant women, and even the kindest and sweetest girls were doomed to “restless sleep” instead of a full spiritual life.
N.V.
Gogol, Taras Bulba . The main character of the story can be mistaken for a grumpy old man, obsessed with war and Cossack tales. However, the fire of love for his homeland and faith burns in his soul, he is devoted to his traditions, and his self-sacrifice in the finale once again demonstrates the greatness of his soul and the depth of feeling. Taras's inner world is rich, but tragic due to the contradiction between family and civil morality.
You will find the argument from the story “Poor Lisa” at the link.