Brief Analysis
Before reading this analysis, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the poem The Daylight Has Gone Out.
The history of creation - the elegy was written based on impressions of a sea voyage from Kerch to Gurzuf in 1820. Pushkin saw the sea for the first time, and it fascinated him.
The theme of the poem is the feeling of an exile who is forced to leave his beloved homeland.
The composition is three-part, the parts are separated from each other by a refrain. The first has only two lines, the second describes the hero’s state. He yearns for his native land and hopes for the healing that the magical southern lands will give him. In the third, he remembers the mistakes of his youth, the hardships of love, the lessons of the past and comes to terms with the new - with what awaits him ahead.
Genre : romantic elegy.
The poetic meter is iambic in different feet; The rhyme is ring and cross.
Epithets - “obedient sail”, “gloomy ocean”, “distant shore”, “midday land”, “magical lands”, “familiar dream”, “sad shores”, “foggy homeland”, “secretly smiling”, “lost youth ”, “light-winged joy”, “cold heart”, “golden spring”.
Metaphors - “the dream flies”, “the ship flies”, “the soul is boiling”, “the muses smiled”, “youth has faded in the storms”.
Inversions - “midday land”, “intoxicated with memories”, “evening fog”, “distant borders”, “hearts of wounds”.
Analysis of the poem Pushkin's daylight went out
The philosophical elegy “The Sun of Day Has Gone Out” was written by A.S. Pushkin during the period of southern exile, in 1820. The poem is considered one of the best examples of the poet’s romantic lyrics.
Alexander Sergeevich was inspired to write the elegy by a sea trip to Gurzuf together with the Raevskys. The ill poet hoped to improve his health. It is this short journey across the sea surface that is captured in the poem. However, Pushkin slightly exaggerated the rampant nature of nature and described a raging ocean in his lines, although in fact the trip was very calm.
In the 1820s, Pushkin was inspired by the work of the poet Byron. He mentions it in the subtitle of the poem. “The Daylight Has Gone Out” reminds the reader of the farewell songs of the English poet’s character, Childe Harold. However, the inner world of the lyrical hero Pushkin is much richer. It is filled with colors, excitement, experiences and past moments. The hero is forced to leave his homeland, and the thought that his youth has also left him makes him sad. In these ideas one can see the author himself, who was deceived in his hopes so early.
The poem can be roughly divided into three parts. They are separated by refrains. In the first semantic part, the surrounding environment is formed; it appears before the readers in a romantic form. Next, the poet describes the emotions of the lyrical hero; his experiences are compared with the gloominess of the water element. What does the central character come to? What conclusions does he draw?
In the last lines of the poem you can see the hero's reconciliation with his past. He is ready to accept his future. Nothing can shake his desire to live and love for life. Severe difficulties and obstacles are not able to break him.
In order to give his work a melodious quality and bring the poem as close as possible to colloquial speech, the author writes it in iambic varimeters. Pushkin perfectly mixes high syllables and outdated words. However, this does not make the lines look sloppy. They help express the poet’s thoughts in a universal human language. The epithets and metaphors here are understandable to everyone, since they are traditional, although Pushkin also used his genius and imbued the image with original periphrases.
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History of creation
This is the story of the creation of the poem “The Daylight Has Gone Out.” It was written in August 1820. The poet, together with the Raevskys, sailed on a ship from Kerch to Gurzuf, it was a night journey. The sea was calm, but Pushkin, maintaining the tradition of romanticism, thickens the colors, talking about the “raging ocean”. The sea and the fertile land made an indelible impression on him. Pushkin saw the sea for the first time and subsequently dedicated many poems to it. The trip with the Raevskys gave the poet inspiration and peace, but he still continued to feel like an exile - this mood is also felt in the poem he created. Mourning his early lost youth, Pushkin was sad about the life he could have had, at the same time realizing that all external circumstances, even unfavorable ones, shape him as a creator.
Composition
The elegy is divided into three parts by the poet himself - he uses a two-line refrain for this.
The first part is necessary to create a romantic atmosphere; it contains song motifs.
The second part is devoted to the emotional state of the lyrical hero, who mourns his youth and abandoned homeland, because all the aspirations of his life were connected with it. At the same time, the work shows his hope that the magical southern lands will help him heal from this melancholy.
In the third part, the past, with which the lyrical hero has many memories, is contrasted with an unknown future. But in the end, he accepts his fate, resigns himself to life’s circumstances and accepts them.
Genre
Determining the genre is not difficult. This is a romantic elegy, an imitation of Byron's works: in his youth, Pushkin was very passionate about the work of this English poet. At the same time, in contrast to Childe Harold’s distant farewell (the image of which the lyrical hero clearly imitates), the emotional mood of Pushkin’s work is much brighter.
The work is written in iambic meter with alternating masculine and feminine rhymes. These techniques, as well as the alternating rhyme (ring and cross) make the poem closer to ordinary colloquial speech. Thus, Pushkin shows that the problem posed in the work is universal.
In this philosophical poem, the poet poses the problem of exile and, following the romantic tradition, somewhat exaggerates it.
Analysis of the poem The daylight went out
The elegy was written during Pushkin’s exile, when he was on a ship with the Raevskys from Kerch. The Raevskys took Pushkin on a trip so that the poet could improve his health. The work was written at night, the weather was fine, but the poet deliberately exaggerates the colors, describing the restless ocean.
This elegy is an example of romantic lyrics. In the subtitle we see “Imitation of Byron,” and this is not strange, because Pushkin was crazy about Byron’s works. In the work one can find similarities with the motives of the Childe Harold song. But the emotions of Pushkin’s hero are completely different from the emotions about Childe Harold’s farewell.
The genre of the poem is philosophical elegy. The hero laments his separation from the shores of his homeland. He complains about his youth quickly ending, about parting with friends and “cheating partners.” Pushkin exaggerates his experiences, he is consumed by unfulfilled ambitions.
The theme of the work is philosophical sad reflections in connection with the abandoned Motherland. Conventionally, the elegy can be divided into three main parts; this division is visible from the repetitions of two lines.
The first part creates a romantic mood for us, it consists of a couple of lines.
In the second part we see a description of the hero’s mental torment.
In the third part we see a confrontation between the memories of the past and the unknown future.
The result of the poem is that the hero accepts changes in life, but also does not forget about his past life experiences. The work uses iambic equimeter. There is an alternation of rhymes. This is what makes the reflections in the elegy universal.
The poet uses various paths and images. The use of obsolete words in combination with periphrases gives a sublime syllable. There is a huge number of metaphorical epithets. There are also metaphors, thanks to which the work appears lively.
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Analysis of the poem The daylight went out according to plan
Means of expression
The sublime style, combined with clarity and simplicity of thought, makes “The Daylight Has Gone Out” perfect from the point of view of artistic means. Pushkin uses means of expression in the elegy.
- Epithets - “obedient sail”, “gloomy ocean”, “distant shore”, “midday land”, “magical lands”, “familiar dream”, “sad shores”, “foggy homeland”, “secretly smiling”, “lost youth ”, “light-winged joy”, “cold heart”, “golden spring”.
- Metaphors - “the dream flies”, “the ship flies”, “the soul is boiling”, “the muses smiled”, “youth has faded in the storms”.
- Inversions - “midday land”, “evening fog”, “intoxicated with memories”, “hearts of wounds”, “distant borders”.
The poet also uses outdated words and forms of words, thus creating a sublime syllable (“sail”, “midday”, “confidantes”, “eyes”, “cold”, “youth”, “golden”). For this purpose, periphrases are also used (“the luminary of the day,” “my golden spring”).
Means of artistic expression
In the poem, Pushkin uses a combination of simple and clear speech and sublime style. The sublime syllable is expressed in the frequent use of Old Slavonicisms (for example, sail, intoxicated, brega) and periphrasis (for example, daylight instead of the sun). The sublime style serves to create and deepen the romantic atmosphere, but, provided it is present, the elegy is still easy to understand, thanks to the poet’s ability to competently combine everyday speech and archaisms.
Pushkin uses many metaphors to create atmosphere: a gloomy ocean, a familiar dream, lost youth, and so on. The author also did not shy away from epithets: his joy is light-winged, his delusions are vicious, and the seas are deceptive.
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The analysis of this poem, I am sure, will be very interesting, since it is quite long and contains many interesting images.
So, the poem is, first of all, philosophical. Alexander Pushkin talks on the seashore, remembers, he will turn to the inanimate... For example, he admits to his father’s lands that he fled from them. The poem can also be called landscape, as the poet paints a beautiful picture of a sunset on the sea.
Of course, there are many outdated words in the poem, they give a feeling of additional solemnity. Pushkin uses words such as “youth”, “confidantes”, “sail” and the like. An interesting expression, for example: “to run away from someone.” Often there are non-modern endings: “I strive.”
However, it is clear that during Alexander Sergeevich’s time this was normal speech.
So, the poet often turns to the wind and the ocean, calling on the first to make noise and the second to worry. This is the desire for storm, fun, purification. Calm would be boring for a descendant of an Ethiopian. In addition, I think that the excitement of this ocean reflects the feelings of Alexander Pushkin himself.
The poem begins simply with a description of an evening at sea, with the first appeal of the hero of the poem to the ocean and the wind. Then the hero describes what he sees: the shore in the distance... for Pushkin this is not just a picturesque place, but a magical country, where he strives, worrying and yearning. No, this is not a dream that he himself came up with, this is a place from which the poet has wonderful memories. The hero emphasizes that his feelings bring tears to his eyes, dreams fill his mind... as if he saw his native place, a school building, for example. But, of course, the poet would not be a poet if he had not added a few words about love. He remembers his suffering, the madness of falling in love, which turned out to be a deception.
Unable to find a place for himself from excitement, Pushkin asks the ship to fly, which is already fast, even faster. To the “shores”, not sad, but joyful. He remembers the smiles of the Muses: these could be poems, or loves... He even says that his youth remained there, compared to a flower that withered too early. Joy flew away from him like a bird, so he went for new impressions to distant lands. He found “momentary” friends and cheaters, but they were quickly forgotten, but the wounds of his youth on those shores are still in his heart. Apparently, the poet would like to try again to become happy on his native shores.
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Genre, direction, size
The poem “The Daylight Has Gone Out” became the hallmark of his romantic lyrics. The event belongs to the literary movement of romanticism. The reader can feel the echoes of Byron’s work (hear the “notes” of Childe Harold’s farewell song), which Pushkin was passionate about in those years; it is not for nothing that the poet calls the poem “Imitation of Byron” in the subtitle.
The genre of the lyrical poem is elegy; it is no coincidence that each stanza is filled with sad thoughts about past youth and separation from the “foggy homeland” (St. Petersburg).
Iambic heterometers in combination with the interweaving of cross and ring rhymes create the effect of colloquial speech, leading the reader to a feeling of direct involvement in the author’s thoughts. These techniques also transform the canvas of the poem into the rippling surface of the sea - just as waves smoothly flow into each other, so thoughts flow from one to another.
