“On the Road” analysis of Nekrasov’s poem according to plan briefly

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Average rating: 3.9

Total ratings received: 56.

The poem “On the Road” was written by Nekrasov when he was in search of his creative path. However, the characteristic features of Nekrasov’s poetry are already visible in it. A brief analysis of “On the Road” according to plan will help you see them. Using it in a literature lesson in 10th grade, it is easy to make the topic easier for students to understand.

The material was prepared jointly with a teacher of the highest category, Ilyina Galina Sergeevna.

Experience as a teacher of Russian language and literature - 36 years.

Brief Analysis

Before reading this analysis, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the poem On the Road.
History of creation - the poem was written in 1845, when Nekrasov was twenty-four years old. However, the poet already felt an urgent need to indicate his civic position.

The theme is the coachman's thoughts about his wife, who was ruined by her lordly upbringing.

The composition is a plot poem, its basis is the coachman's story, framed by a beginning and an ending (dialogue between the master and the coachman).

Genre : narrative poem on a civil theme.

The poetic meter is a three-foot anapest with alternating male and female rhymes and disordered rhyming: paired, ring and cross rhymes are used.

Comparisons - “roars like a crazy person”, “teaches literacy like a little bark”, “like a sliver of thin and pale”.

Epithets - “daring coachman”, “villainous wife”, “imposing look”, “cool look”, “stern look”, “dashing woman”, “tireless work”, “persistent boredom”.

Analysis of the poem On the Road

Analysis of the poem On the Road by Nekrasov

1. History of creation . The poem “On the Road” was written by Nekrasov in 1845. It could have appeared as a result of the poet’s personal observations and impressions. Coachmen often entertained passengers with songs or stories on the road.

2. The genre of the work is civil poetry. The poem is a dialogue between a master and a coachman.

3. The main idea of the poem is that landowners treat peasants as their personal belongings. The master's whim crippled the fate of the peasant girl. They made a toy out of Pear for the landowner's daughter. She was given a noble education and upbringing, accustomed to an idle lifestyle. No one even thought about what future awaits an ordinary peasant woman. The landowner's daughter got married and left for the capital. This was the first blow to Grusha’s incomprehensible position.

Soon the landowner died, who probably treated the girl well and would have allowed her to continue living in the manor's house. With the arrival of the new owner, the situation changes dramatically. The young landowner zealously sets out to reorganize his farm in order to achieve maximum income. During an audit of the peasants, he discovers a “useless soul” - a peasant woman with a noble upbringing. Pear is immediately driven out of the manor's house and returned to the village. The home team's game is over.

The girl was faced with the rough and difficult life of the Russian peasantry, about which she had not the slightest idea. According to routine, the landowner himself chose the husband for Grusha. After the wedding, the girl was obliged to engage in peasant farming. The pear is an alien element in the village. She is pampered and spoiled. The girl is unable to adapt to the peasant lifestyle. It is very difficult for her to do physical labor, eat rough peasant food, and endure the cruel ridicule of her fellow villagers. The master's “toy” unwittingly became a heavy burden for the coachman. He needs an au pair, not a “young lady.” The coachman speaks directly about his wife: “The masters destroyed her.” He confidently declares that Grusha does not have long to live.

4. Composition. The poem begins with the master addressing the coachman with a request to tell a story. The main part is the coachman's sad story. The final stanza is the master's exclamation, summing up the sad story.

5. The size of the work is a three-foot anapest with alternating rhymes (cross, pair, ring).

6. Expressive means . The main means of artistic expression in the work is the use of vernacular speech. Nekrasov vividly conveys the peculiarities of the peasant’s conversation: “hear”, “-sta”, “Ali”, etc. In the coachman’s ingenuous monologue there are practically no tropes (epithets “impressive”, “dashing”, “thin and pale”; comparisons “how crazy”, “like a sliver”). The master’s response (“Dispelled... boredom!..”) clearly sounds sarcasm, often used by Nekrasov to expose injustice.

7. The main idea of the work is that there is a huge gap between the landowners and the peasants. The first step to bridge this gap should be the abolition of serfdom. Until this happens, all attempts to artificially make educated people out of peasants are doomed to failure. The unfortunate fate of Grusha (and her husband too) is a vivid example of the complete opposite of the peasant and noble way of life.

History of creation

Nekrasov created the story in verse, which is an imaginary dialogue between a master and a coachman, in 1845. At the time of writing this poetic work, the poet was barely 24 years old, but he had a clear civic position and talentedly expressed it in poetic form.

When the young poet showed his work to the famous critic Belinsky, he was moved and called him “a true poet.” Herzen considered these poems excellent.

It was this work that marked a new stage in the creative development of Nekrasov, who moved from romanticism to realism and focused on civil lyricism.

History of writing

The history of the creation of the poem dates back to 1845. Then the writer was only 24 years old, but he could already clearly express his political position and reflect it in the lines of his works. The verse “On the Road” describes a conversation between a coachman and a master.

When Nekrasov finished his work, he wanted to find out the opinion of established critics about it. One of the first was Belinsky, who praised the poem and nicknamed Nikolai Alekseevich “a real poet.” The author also gave his work for criticism to Herzen, who was touched to the depths of his soul, and he spoke with admiration about the poet’s work.

It was this poem that marked Nekrasov’s transition to a new poetic level. Romanticism could be seen less and less often in his works. The creator began to write in realism and tried to touch upon social themes that were relevant at that time in his works.

Subject

The difficult fate of the Russian people is what worried the young author. And it is precisely this topic that his work “On the Road” is dedicated to. Grusha, a peasant wife, was brought up with the landowner's daughter; she gained a sense of self-esteem in the manor's house - and this subsequently made the serf unhappy for the rest of her life.

The main idea is the hopelessness of the current situation. As long as serfdom exists in Russia and the master can dispose of people at his own discretion, ordinary people will be unhappy.

Realism in the works of Nekrasov

When analyzing Nekrasov’s poem “On the Road,” it can be mentioned that in its form the work can be classified as coachman songs, but it also contains elements of a story. The work is constructed in the form of a dialogue between the coachman and the rider. It tells the story of the tragic life of a woman who grew up in a manor house, but was sent back to the village. Many of the poet’s poems are quite realistic - for example, the work “The Railway” by Nekrasov. The analysis of the poem, briefly carried out by the student, shows that this poem also describes the misfortunes of ordinary people. It will be of interest to anyone interested in this complex topic. All of Nekrasov’s works are close to the people, to the suffering of the common man who found himself a victim of the lord’s tyranny.

Composition

The poem has a beginning and an ending, and in the center is the coachman’s monologue, his story about his wife.

The beginning is the master's request to the coachman to entertain him with some story or song, to which he responds with complaints about his wife and explains what exactly caused his dissatisfaction.

The story of Grusha, as told by her husband, is very sad: the girl was brought up for a long time in the manor's house as a friend of a little young lady, but then she got married, her father died, and the new owner of the estate sent the serf to where she belonged - to a peasant hut, giving her away marry a man. Her love for the teacher remained in her previous life, but in this life there was only hard work. And although her husband did not exhaust her, pitied her in his own way and beat her only when he was drunk, she still felt humiliated and suffered and wasted away from this.

The composition ends with the words of the master, who interrupted the coachman’s story, sarcastically noting that he “amused” him. The bleakness of the situation of peasant women and serfs in general, vividly depicted by Nekrasov in this seemingly simple plot, deeply touches the soul.

Meet the main character

But let's return to the main topic of this article. The analysis of Nekrasov’s poem “On the Road,” briefly carried out by the student, can begin with a description of the beginning of the work. This is a replica of the master - the rider. He asks the coachman to tell him some story that could relieve his boredom. And he decides to tell the sad story of his own life. At first, he complains to his rider that he was “crushed by his villainous wife.” However, as the driver's story progresses, the reader learns about what kind of life was destined for Grusha. She spent her childhood in a manor house, where she was taught music, literacy, and sciences. However, after the old master passed away, she was returned to the village. She was married off without Grusha’s consent, but she can’t get used to her new life.

Genre

This is a plot poem, one of the first examples of Nekrasov’s civic poetry, which ardently denounces the unjust serfdom of Russia.

The three-foot anapest was not chosen in vain: it makes the poem similar to Russian songs of complaint on the one hand and rhythmically repeats the clatter of hooves on the other. In this way, Nekrasov conveys the atmosphere of the story, which is being told on the road.

Thanks to the variety of types of rhyme, as well as the use of both masculine and feminine rhymes, Nekrasov manages to convey the liveliness of colloquial speech.

Analysis of Nekrasov’s poem “On the Road”: the misfortune of an educated woman

Pear, who has learned science and reading, has already begun to live consciously - her soul has higher aspirations. And what frightens her is not so much physical hardship as spiritual isolation. The husband is not able to share her views. It is interesting that the coachman perceives his wife’s care for his son as a lord’s whim: “Like a little bark, he scratches every day...”. What everyday peasant life was like can only be judged indirectly. Pear, perhaps, is consoled for a short time by his worries about his son. However, they also bring her new pain - what kind of life awaits him in the future? The desire for happiness and spiritual development that was instilled in Grusha cannot be realized in those social conditions.

Means of expression

This work is not very rich in the usual means of expressiveness, for which there is an explanation: there is nowhere for flowery words to come from in the speech of such a simple person as the coachman. Nekrasov uses the simplest artistic means possible.

Comparisons - “roars like a crazy person”, “teaches literacy (scratching, washing) like a little bark”, “like a sliver of thin and pale”.
Epithets - “daring coachman”, “villainous wife”, “impressive look”, “had a hard time”, “stern look”, “dashing woman”, “tireless work”, “persistent boredom”.

The last epithet shows that the master is not as indifferent as he would like to seem - in fact, he experiences deep bitterness due to the awareness of the hopeless situation in which an unfree person may find himself.

At the same time, he inserts colloquialisms into the driver’s speech, which give it realism: you hear, you understand, a hundred, tois, crashing, byit, sam-at, patret.

Means of artistic expression

Since Nekrasov wrote in the genre of coachman songs, you can find many colloquialisms in his work, such as: “girl”, “woman”, “man”, “bait”, “sick” and “where”. This is how he reproduces genuine folk speech without embellishment.

For expressiveness and conveying the emotional mood, the author uses such epithets as: “dashing woman”, “daring coachman”, “tireless work”, and metaphors: “drunk hand”, “persistent boredom”.

Author: Victoria Arfano
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